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History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs

Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities in Indian Industry S.Padmanaban, USAID US-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMIT Industry Breakout Session – Environment November 30, 2006 Mumbai History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs

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History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs

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  1. Some Environmental Issues & Business Opportunities in Indian IndustryS.Padmanaban, USAIDUS-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMITIndustry Breakout Session – EnvironmentNovember 30, 2006Mumbai

  2. History of USAID/India’s Energy/Environment Programs • 1960s/70s: construction of 15 thermal power plants and several hydro projects. • 1980s: moved on to science and technology development in the eighties. • 1990s: focused on privatization and technology commercialization in the early nineties. • 1998: GHG emissions reductions in the energy sector - main focus since the sanctions. • Today: electricity distribution reform, water-energy, methane-to- markets, municipal services

  3. KEY PROGRAMS IN ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY • ENERGY EFFICIENCY • CLEAN COAL • WATER- ENERGY NEXUS • POWER DISTRIBUTION • DISTRIBUTED GENERATION • SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

  4. 1. Industrial & Hazardous Waste Management • Major issues in India • 30 million tons of waste generated apart from fly ash (2003 data) • 8 million tons of hazardous waste • Key issues • Lack of secure landfills and Treatment, storage and disposal facility (TSDF) • Only 11 TSDFs in India • Lack of incineration facilities • Lack of waste handling and management systems

  5. Industrial & Hazardous Management • Opportunities • Technical assistance in designing & operation of landfills • Technologies for waste minimization and recycling & related services Hazardous waste disposal industry in the industry sector is worth about $200 million

  6. 2. Cost-Effective Potential for Improving Energy Efficiency of Products in India

  7. Energy Efficiency Market Assessment – Industrial SectorInvestment Opportunity: $ 10 billion H M L L M H

  8. 3. Utilisation of wastes in cement plants • Waste utilisation in cement plants in India • Almost nil – except fly ash and gypsum • US/Japan and European Cement plants • Use 80% of waste as fuel • 450 kg of waste is used as raw material for production of one ton of Cement production in Japan • Tremendous potential in India • Waste utilization technology • Waste processing equipment • Key requirement • Suitable legislation for waste processing in Cement industry Indian cement plants can absorb 14 million tons of hazardous waste /year

  9. 4. Air pollution • Air pollution • Major issue in India • Potential opportunities • Nox/Sox control systems • VOC control technologies in chemical plants and automobile industry • Reducing respirable suspended particular matter in several industries • General dust control systems • Other technologies for gas (H2S, C2S, Acid fumes) emission control

  10. 5. Water pollution and treatment • Non availability of water to industry in India • Water pollution • Industrial water pollution • Only 60% industrial effluents of large & medium scale industries are treated (PCB Data) • Municipal water pollution • 25% water in metro municipalities treated and less than 5% reused • Other municipalities and towns very little or no treatment • Potential opportunities • Water treatment technologies for industries and municipality • Membrane technologies / bio reactors

  11. Water pollution and treatment.. • Potential Opportunities.. • Technologies for recycling of water and zero discharge options in industry / municipality • Bio – gas generation through anaerobic treatment of municipal / industrial waste water • Technologies for handling membrane waste water • Water saving devices and equipment

  12. 6.Service Providers for Utility Heat Rate Improvements • EE & R&M in Indian coal-fired utilities • Private Sector Services to include: • - Advanced diagonistics • - Energy audit services • - Environmental monitoring • - Low carbon options • - O&M services Funding: Proposed IBRD funding: $ 120 million loan + $ 45 million GEF grant Targeted Capacities for EE&RM: 650 MW

  13. 7. Opportunities in Building Sector • Construction contributing 10% to National GDP (500 Billion USD) • Growth rate 9.2% vis-à-vis 5.5 % Global average • Sectors to watch for • IT / IT Enabled Services • Commercial buildings • Infrastructure (Airports, Roads, etc.,) • Residential

  14. Availability Of Green Materials • Green materials are not readily available • Certified wood • Waterless urinals • High albedo materials • High recycled content materials • High performance glass • Low VOC materials • Testing and certification facilities not Available • Eg., Cooling towers, Chillers Issues Possible Solution • Solutions sought • Incubation of Green Building materials • Display in GBC Technology Centre • Type testing for equipment • Green Building materials Meet • Green Building Congress

  15. High Albedo material • Unheard in 2001 • Two major players established • Thermosheild • Advance Coating systems Success Stories in India • Waterless urinals • 2001 – Awareness Nil • 2005 – Three major players (EID Parry, Hindware, Falcon have the major market share)

  16. Success Stories in India • CRI Certified carpets • 2001 – Awareness nil • 2005 – Interface, Milliken, Shaw carpets

  17. Opportunities • New Services • III Party Commissioning • Energy simulation • LEED Facilitation services • LEED-India (to be launched shortly) • Materials & Equipment • Composting toilets • Waterless urinals • Low VOC adhesives & sealants • CRI certified carpets • FSC Certified wood • High albedo roofing material • BIPV • CTI certified cooling towers • Living machines, etc.,. Green building products – 350 Million USD by 2012

  18. Energy Efficiency in the Indian Cement Industry • Wide range in energy intensity in Indian cement industry • Some of the most efficient plants in the world are in India • - Only 5% are inefficient wet kilns (vs. 18% in the U.S.) • Energy savings and emission reduction possible through: • Improved energy efficiency • Increased blending of cement • Use of alternative fuels • Waste heat power generation Source: Sathaye et al. (2005)

  19. THANK YOU

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