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Producing plastic objects using and .

Vacuum Forming. 3 D . Producing plastic objects using and . . HEAT. Suction. Vacuum Forming Process. 1. The process involves heating a plastic sheet until soft. 2. The softened sheet is draped over a

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Producing plastic objects using and .

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  1. Vacuum Forming 3 D Producing plastic objects using and . HEAT Suction

  2. Vacuum Forming Process 1. The process involves heating a plastic sheet until soft. 2. The softened sheet is draped over a mould. 3. A vacuumsucks the sheet into / onto the mould. 4. The newly shaped sheet is taken off the mould.

  3. Typical PLASTICS used in the vacuum forming process POLYCARBONATE ABS PC Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene POLYSTYRENE PS

  4. Further PLASTICS used in the vacuum forming process POLYPROPYLENEPP PE POLYETHYLENE (woven sheet) POLYVINYL CHLORIDE Acrylic PVC PMMA

  5. What are Plastics ? a). Plastics are man made chemicals extracted mainly from petroleum. b). They are basically composed of hydrocarbons: groups of linked hydrogen and carbon atoms. (Imagine them as a small train and carriage!) c). Most plastics are made up of long chains of hydrocarbons. (Identical small trains joined together to form one very long train.)

  6. What are Plastics? continued d). More than 50,000 molecules (long trains) may be joined in chains to produce polyethylene (or polythene). e). Very long straight or branched chains. are present in thermoplastics: eg.polyethylene and polystyrene. f). Thermoplastics always soften when heated and harden when cooled down. g). This makes these plastics ideal for the vacuum forming process.

  7. Advantages ofthe Vacuum Forming Process • Vacuum forming uses low pressures so only relatively low cost equipment / components are required. • Low pressures mean that moulds can be made of inexpensive materials and in a short time. • Prototypes, small and medium quantity runs become economical.. 

  8. Disadvantages ofthe Vacuum Forming Process • More complicated machines and moulds are needed for automatic or continuous production of ‘high volume’ items, eg. disposable cups and sandwich packs. • The vacuum forming process starts with a flat plastic sheet and there may be a need for a second process to trim the moulded end product. This means more expense to obtain additional equipment. NB.The trimmed waste, however, can be re-ground and recycled!

  9. Summary of the Vacuum Forming Process

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