The influence of terrorist threat perception in the USA during the period of 2001 - 2004 upon the condition of internati

1. The influence of terrorist threat perception in the USA during the period of 2001 - 2004 upon the condition of international security

2. The core element of the new concept in the sphere of international security • Colin Powell: “ Deployment of war against all forms of terrorism in the whole world”

3. Transformation and Complication of the International Political System in the face of terrorist threat The USA - the framework of the new foreign policy concept “absolute security” >>> “ globalisation of American foreign policy” Countries - objects of present antiterrorist campaigns (Afghanistan, Iraq) and potential targets of antiterrorist war I.The first stage - Countries-members of antiterrorist coalition II.The second stage - 1). Countries-allies in Iraqi campaign 2). The bloc of countries that opposed Iraqi operation Countries that prefer the policy of non-interference

4. The main problematic questions in the process of ensuring the international security 1) Is the present–day US perception of terrorist threat the reflection of the obvious attempt to create the structure of international relations based on the unilateral way of deciding problems of the world security skirting the norms of international right. 2) What is the role given by the USA to other Western powers in the light of the struggle against terrorism? 3) Will this model of struggle present the conception of unilateralism or collectivism?

5. The content analysis of US perception of terrorist threat on the basis of President Bush speeches during the period of 2001-2004 and the National Security Strategy (September 17th, 2002) 1) self-definition and categorization of the state in the light of terrorist threat 2) the definition of terrorist threat sources and its characteristics 3) the methods and forms of the struggle against it 4) the contribution done to neutralize this threat

6. Self-definition and categorization of the USA in the light of terrorism >>> positive reestimation of their own identity >>> self-perception in the light of terrorism through the prism of identity Terrorist strike directed not at a concrete country but at certain Western values the USA - the fundamental stronghold of democratic values

7. The core element of American identity in the light of terrorism - the idea of freedom • “ America is a nation built upon freedom, the principles of freedom, the values of freedom” • “ the most free nation in the world” • Other emphasizied elements of American identity >>> democracy concentrated in the existence of 1). the right to life2). the right to freedom of speech and thought 3). the right to free practice of any religion4). the right to get education either by men or by women

8. The Internal Element of Antiterrorist War The contribution done by American citizens to neutralize the terrorist threat inside the country The chain of “new American heroes”. Who are they? • Any member of the society may become a hero. His/her occupation doesn’t matter >>> the creation of a certain generalized image of an American patriot - “hero-defender” • Common civilians (teachers, doctors, fire departments’ workers, pilots) => representatives of force departments(police) => representatives of intelligence services (CIA, FBI) => political elite (federal government, governors) => president

9. The core lines of the internal element of antiterrorist war • The chain of “new American heroes” must prove the consolidation of the American society and the union of internal antiterrorist front • Active position of any American citizen => Active position of the President

10. External Element of Antiterrorist War The combination of two models of behaviour:unilateral steps or collectivism The National Security Strategy:“ …But our responsibility to history is already clear: to answer these attacks and rid the world of evil. …” President Bush Washington, D.C. (The National Cathedral) September 14, 2001

11. Collectivism • Sptember 21, 2001 Summit of the EU in Brussels • October 2, 2001 - the activizaton of article 5 of NATO Charter • The creation of antiterrorist coalition - I. The USAII. Some members of NATO that have taken the obligations to provide military forces => the UK, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Canada, Turkey

12. What is “ American Collectivism” ? Collectivism - the model of behaviour on the international arena with quite definite conditions for other partners • The acknowledgement of American leadership in the war against terrorism • The agreement with the necessity of absolute destruction of declared terrorist sources by means of military force