An Introduction to Servers

1. An Introduction to Servers Loretta Floyd

2. Introduction • This Presentation is a Brief Introduction to Servers • You will learn the basic Types of Servers • How an Internet Server Works • Comparisons of Selected Server Types

3. Agenda • Define the Types of Servers • Compare Internet Servers

4. Overview • An Internet Network is comprised of Several Servers • Server Functions are Combined to Design a Network Name Web Database Web Proxy Application Other Print Telnet

5. Vocabulary • Server Socket • Client Port • Browser • Server-Side Software • Stand-alone Software • Domain • FTP • HTTP • SMTP • TCP/IP

6. Vocabulary • Server - a computer or device on a network that manages network resources and provides access to those resources • Client - uses interface communication interface to request resources, one machine can act as client and server • Browser- software communication interface that uses a java virtual machine (JVM) to process HTTP • Server Software – software that requires and runs from a server • Stand-alone Software – software that runs without the server, such as Word • Domain – A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit

7. Vocabulary (cont.) • Domain – A group of computers and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures. Within the Internet domains are defined by the IP address • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – the protocol for exchanging files over the internet • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – a request and response protocol I.e. can be done without a graphical interface such as a browser • SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)- one of several protocols used for sending e-mail messages between servers • TCP/IP-communications protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet

8. Server Types • Application Servers – also known as Middleware handles all application operations between users and a database • Audio/Video Servers –Enable Websites to broadcast streaming and multimedia content • Chat Servers – enable a large number of users to exchange information in an environment similar to Internet newsgroups that offer real-time discussion

9. Server Types (cont.) • Database Servers – server that performs tasks such as data analysis and storage • Fax Servers –Enables network to control incoming and outgoing telephone resources • Groupware Servers – enables users to use the internet or intranet to collaborate regardless of location in a virtual atmosphere

10. Server Types (cont.) • IRC Servers – Internet Relay Chat enables real-time discussion capabilities • List Servers – offers a better way to manage mailing lists, whether they be interactive discussions open to the public or one-way lists that deliver announcements, newsletters, or advertising • Mail Servers – move and store mail over corporate networks and across the Internet

11. Server Types (cont.) • Name Servers – also known as DNS servers—map the human-readable names to the IP addresses • News Servers – distribution and delivery source for the thousands of public news groups accessible over the USENET news network • Telnet Servers – allows users to log on to a host computer and perform tasks as if they’re working on the remote computer itself • Print Server- shares and maintains network printers, can join the domain server, typically ethernet hardware device, many wireless now

12. Server Types (cont.) • Proxy Servers – It intercepts a request for the real server. Its function usually combined with firewall, may be set up as a PDC (Primary Domain Controller) which bosses 1 or more servers and keeps all usernames and passwords along with a BDC (Backup Domain Controller) that takes over if the PDC fails and it also keeps copies of usernames and passwords and will assist if the PDC is busy. It also saves the results of all requests for a certain amount of time, so that future requests use its cache thereby reducing the amount of internet resources used

13. Server Types (cont.) • Web Servers --HTTP Server- uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol to serve static content to a web browser by loading a file from a disk and serving it across the network to a user’s web browser --Routers - forward packets from one computer on one network to any other computer on any other network. Routers make the internet appear to be a single network

14. Putting It All Together • Proxy server determines user access • Essentially request a socket • Generally proxy server first to receive on nonresidential computers • Proxy server is directly connected to the internet

15. Browser Decomposes URL • The protocol (“http”) • The server name (www.yahoo.com) • The file name (“/index.html”) i.e. the protocol for email may be SMTP or POP, the above information is encapsulated in mail protocols, your e-mail server performs these same functions using your composed e-mail message form

16. Browser Decomposes URL • Browser communicates with a name server to translate the server name into an IP address • The browser uses this IP address and a TCP port to create a socket • The IP address is unique to each machine, but there are many ports that are not unique • Winipcfg.exe is the file that configures TCP/IP for Windows 98, IPConfig.exe for Windows 2000/XP, on UNIX nslookup

17. Finally Data • After HTTP protocol, GET request to server for the file • The acessed server sends the HTML data for the Web page to the browser • The browser reads the HTML tags and formats the page onto your screen

18. Putting It All Together • Proxy server determines user access • Essentially request a socket • Generally proxy server first to receive on nonresidential computers • Proxy server is directly connected to the internet

19. Server Comparisons • Microsoft Server new $564 at Wal-Mart • In the past, installing server software was a job for a technology professional, requiring several hours of repeated CD swapping to complete. Now, Windows Small Business Server Software 2003, Standard Edition, is the fast, simple solution.

20. Server Comparisons • * Windows Small Business Server Software 2003, Standard Edition is simple to install, simple to manage, and simple to use • * Team members can communicate and collaborate easily • * Manage group activities, work together effectively, and move forward with team projects • * Increase productivity with this infrastructure for communication, messaging, and collaboration • * Microsoft Office Outlook 2003: Here's a single place for you and your employees to manage e-mail, calendars, contacts, and other personal and team information • * Microsoft Shared Fax Service: Now you can fax with fewer telephone lines, right from your desktop anytime you • * Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS): Help protect your Internet connections with this firewall technology • * Platform Support: PC • * License Quantity: 5 Client(s)1 Server(s)

21. Server Comparisons • ServerWatch > News • May 31, 2005 • Gateway Rolls Out New Low-Cost Servers • By Dan Muse • Hoping to chip away at Dell and HP for server and storage server market share, Gateway today announced three servers designed to help small- and mid-sized enterprises more efficiently run applications and databases. • The Gateway 9715 is a 6U rack-mount server that, at $3,999, hits a price point typically associated with 4U servers, according to Gateway. • In addition to running database applications and allowing for server and storage consolidations, 9715 a practical alternative to blade servers, according to Tim Diefenthaler, senior director of server product marketing at Gateway. Diefenthaler said that today's blade servers still cause concerns stemming from issues of heat dissipation and proprietary software for scalability. • Running Microsoft Virtual Server 2005, the 9715 can support multiple instances of Windows server operating systems. (However Diefenthaler said Gateway will not sell the 9715 in a configuration that includes Virtual Server 2005, adding that it will available through the channel for $499.) • At the heart of the 9715 are four Intel Xeon MP processors. The server supports up to 32GB of ECC, DDR2 system memory and up to 3TB of internal storage. It also includes hot-swap power and fans, hot-plug PCI slots and memory, and options for a slotless Fibre Channel connector and Raid on the Motherboard.

22. Server Comparisons • The 9715 supports Microsoft Windows Server software, Novell's Netware 6.5, Red Hat Linux Enterprise 3.0 and 3.0 EM64T, and SuSe Linux Enterprise 9.0 and 9.0 EM64T. Diefenthaler said that Windows Server 2003 x64 Editions is not supported in this box. "We're waiting for applications such as Exchange and databases [to be available in 64-bit editions]. Gateway plans to launch a Windows Server x64 Edition in the third quarter if applications and drivers are ready. • You can put the 4-way Gateway 9715 server to work as either a 6U rack-mount server or, with an optional conversion kit, a tower system. • For enterprises that prefer a tower configuration rather than a rack-mount system, Diefenthaler said Gateway will offer a conversion kit that transforms the 9715 (see photo). The kit includes a pedestal side skin, a face plate and pedestal feet and casters. • For storage, Gateway's two new servers are based on the existing hardware architecture of the 9315 and 9415. The Gateway 9315 Storage Server runs both network-attached storage (NAS) and storage area networks (SAN) without two separate architectures. Priced at $2,197, the 9315 is designed to function like NAS, but has an external fibre channel connection, allowing it to connect to a SAN. • The 1U server supports up to two Intel Xeon processors and allows up to 1.2TB of internal data storage. Diefenthaler said that the 9315 supports higher-capacity hard drives than competitive products from Dell and HP, allowing the Gateway storage server to reach that 1.2TB mark with only three SATA hard drives. The machine runs Microsoft Windows Storage Server 2003 software.

23. Server Comparisons • The 9415 is designed for deployments requiring serious computing power, high availability and storage capability. The device was created with database or Web server applications in mind and can scale to heavy duty ERP and CRM applications. • Like the 9135, the 9415 acts as a NAS head, connecting fibre channels to SAN technology. This 1U rack server supports 64-bit Intel Xeon processors. It also bundles three hot-swap SCSI drive bays with RAID 5 and redundant power supplies. • The 9415 costs $2,098 and will store 900GB of storage. it also runs Windows Storage Server 2003 software.

24. Server Comparisons • Server Type • Application Collaboration • FTP List • Mail Proxy • Real-time communication Telnet • Web • Print • Others

25. Server Operating Systems Supported • Operating System(s) • AIX AS/400 • BSD (any) Be OS • Digital UNIX HP-UX • IRIX Java_VM • Linux MVS • MacOS MacOS X Server • NetWare OS/2 • OS/400 OSF/1 • QNX Red Hat Linux • SCO OpenServer SUSE Linux • Solaris Tru64 Unix • Unix (all) VM/CMS • VMS Windows 2000 • Windows 95/98 Windows ME • Windows NT 4.0 Windows Server 2003 • Windows XP

26. Server Features • Administration • GUI configuration • GUI setup • Remote administration • SNMP configurable/monitorable • Futureproofing/scalability • .Net compliant • 64-bit port • Cluster support • IPv6 support • J2EE 1.4 certified • J2EE 1.4 compliant

27. Server Featuress • Multiple logs • Supports Microsoft ISAPI • Virtual servers • Web-based user interface • Programming/Scripting • Includes source • Own API • Own scripting/batch language • Supports external scripting/batch language

28. Server Features • Security • ActiveDirectory authentication • Antispam features • Antivirus features • Built-in firewall capabilities • Built-in proxy capabilities • Internal user access scheme • LDAP authentication • Other/system authentication • SSL (hardware) • SSL (software)

29. Server Features • Support • Commercial support available • Forum support • Free telephone support • GSA scheduled • Mailing list support • Service-level agreement offerings available

30. Topic Two • * Windows Small Business Server Software 2003, Standard Edition is simple to install, simple to manage, and simple to use • * Team members can communicate and collaborate easily • * Manage group activities, work together effectively, and move forward with team projects • * Increase productivity with this infrastructure for communication, messaging, and collaboration • * Microsoft Office Outlook 2003: Here's a single place for you and your employees to manage e-mail, calendars, contacts, and other personal and team information • * Microsoft Shared Fax Service: Now you can fax with fewer telephone lines, right from your desktop anytime you • * Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS): Help protect your Internet connections with this firewall technology • * Platform Support: PC • * License Quantity: 5 Client(s)1 Server(s)

31. Where to Get More Information • Internet • List books, articles, electronic sources • PC Magazines