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Every research study is unique. So it is impossible to develop a set of rules that ensure a successful research programThere's no such thing as
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1. Defining your research question
8. Most research builds on what has come before Know your subject!
A thorough literature search is essential
Identify seminal papers & understand their results
Pay attention to the details
Are there simplifying assumptions that need to be tested?
Are connections between key results by different researchers being ignored?
9. Try for incremental progress (think small!) Brainstorm or deconstruct the state of the art in your very specific area and choose ONE [OR MAYBE TWO] GOOD IDEA(S) to pursue
Doctorates are generally not rejected for being too narrowly focused, but may be rejected for being too broad in scope and, hence, unfocused
Reduce the scope of your project to the minimum necessary to make progress
However: be clear on the importance of your incremental progress in improving our understanding of the Big Picture
But, how do we find the ONE OR TWO GOOD IDEAS
10. First there is a creative phase THIS IS HARD TO TEACH
WE NEED INSIGHT
We want to discover:
NEW IDEAS,
NEW INSIGHTS OR NEW THEORIES (IDEAS)
13. Use the problem solving logic of some Nobel Prize Winners Steps to come up with new knowledge our research question
14. Look at the area from a number of view points
Identify its parts and wholes
Trace its history and changes
Identify its categories and characteristics
Determine its value [to you as well]
Review and rearrange your answers Booth et al. - From Topics to Questions
15. 4. Define a rationale for your project.
Name your topic
I am learning about/working on
.
Suggest the question
Because I want to find out
Motivate the question
In order to understand how or why
Booth et al. - From Topics to Questions
16. IDENTIFY A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH TOPIC Make a list of relevant ideas or concepts (2+)
LINK the various ideas and concepts
WRITE the link as a QUESTION (if possible)
17. Next, the preliminary research phase You need to learn about your topic
SEARCH
Library
Online & Internet
Other peoples minds
for insights You also need to determine
What are the key questions in your area?
Any relevant findings?
What concepts & theories are important?
Who are the key researchers?
What key questions dont seem to have been answered already?
18. End goals of preliminary research phase A literature survey not yet a review
A revised (or refined) research question
A theoretical perspective (a model!)
One or more testable hypotheses (in the model!)
Some sense of the feasibility of the study that is needed to answer the research question (e.g. are data sources available?)
19. Criteria of a good research question Explicit (distinct & testable concepts)
Clear (Meaning obvious and clear relationships between concepts)
Original
Testable
Has theoretical significance or managerial relevance (can be basic or applied research)
20. You should restate problem in a testable form Should be a grammatically complete question
We need one or more hypotheses phrased as grammatically complete sentences
Should be phrased as a positive, empirical assertion, Such as there is a relationship between X & Y
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