PowerPoint using Animation or Video—A How To

1. PowerPoint using Animation or Video—A How To The old days: Static overheads, bad handwriting, scribbles for drawings, students waiting impatiently while you take forever to carefully thread the projector. Then the initial PowerPoint breakthrough- and the the students waiting impatiently while you take forever to minimize PPT and carefully open a separate program to show a digital video…. Today: now it is more seemless; one click and the video starts playing…WHAT A RELIEF! AND WE CAN MAKE OUR OWN ANIMATIONS to replace static overheads or slides

2. My FCQs scores have increasedin part due to incorporating animations & video in PowerPoint lectures. Clarity and increased student comprehension see data in, more details:http://www.lifescied.org/cgi/content/full/3/3/181?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&author1=Stith%2C+BJ&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT

3. Animation and PowerPoint… • PowerPoint itself can animate • Animated Gif- simple, easy • FLASH- complicated, the standard • Movie/video • 3-D animation (like Pixar/Disney films)-forget it • To insert animation into PPT 2003: go to the Insert menu, Point to Movies and Sounds, and then click Movie from File. • Latest version of PPT is 2003 (2002, 2000 have fewer abilities)

4. WATCH OUT!! In front of very famous people, or faculty-eating students, you find that the talk you made on your office desktopwill not play the video when you use a laptop in the lecture hall. Animation/movie files are automatically linked to your presentation but they are not embedded inside it like pictures or drawings. To embed animation files: Use “Package for CD” under File menu to include all linked files. Also, a PowerPoint Viewer is included by default on the CD and will run the packaged presentations on another computer even if PowerPoint is not installed. Note  This feature was called Pack and Go in previous versions of PowerPoint.

5. 1. Use of PowerPoint Animation • Tutorial: • http://office.microsoft.com/training/training.aspx?AssetID=RC060786731033 • To insert a link to the web…go to web site, copy (Ctl-C) and then paste (Ctl-V) into slide. Then highlight link and go to Insert, and then Hyperlink • Need wifi for your laptop (don’t trust classroom cable)

6. 1. PPT animation: PI TURNOVER PIP2 DAG PLCγ P- OH P- P- Src Sperm Receptor IP3 IP3 Receptor E.R. Ca2+

7. 2. Animated GIF- • Though not technically movies, animated GIFs contain multiple images which stream to create an animation effect. • An animated GIF can loop endlessly • are not scalable, and can produce very large files. • However, gif animations are much easier to develop than those with FLASH • To view them, you have to use Internet Explorer not a picture viewer (right click on gif file and choose use of Int Explorer).

8. Examples… • Dr. Donald Slish of State University of New York–Plattsburgh has discussed their use (Slish, 2000) and provides many useful examples (http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/donald.slish/animations.html). • In addition, Dr. Steve Berg of Winona State University maintains a large number of gif animations for cell biology (http://bio.winona.msus.edu/berg/ANIMTNS/Directry.htm).

9. Because of the value of the animation, the ease of development of gif animation, and the skills developed while teaching other students, some biology instructors have made development of a simple gif animation into a required exercise.Free trial of “Gif animator” by Ulead • http://www.ulead.com/download/download.htm

10. 3. The Standard: Macromedia's FLASH(http://www.macromedia.com/software/flash/) examples http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/cellcrawling.swfhttp://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/fert%20wave.swf;

11. Post FLASH animation to web site, then put a link to the web site in your PPT slide OR if animation file on your hard drive… • Right click on animation file and select “Create Shortcut” • Right click on Shortcut, click Properties, and copy the address line (highlighted in blue) (Ctl-C) • Add link to PPT slide and remove quotation“ marks- click on it to show animation- • Highlight and click “Insert,” then “Hyperlink” then insert copied address (removing any “) • C:\Documents and Settings\Owner\Desktop\BRAD\endo exocytosis.swf • See also: http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/assistance/HA010348071033.aspx

12. You make a starting figure and and ending figure, and the program makes all “in between” animation shapes ("tweening“) • FLASH can rapidly import a series of photomicrographs to produce a time-lapse movie (see the FLASH swf movie embedded in the following Web site: http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/waverot.htm (right click on video to control it). • TAKES LOT OF TIME (tough to learn, 10 hours effort per one minute animation) – students from Coll Arts Media can help… • To play FLASH animations, you need a plug in: the Shockwave player, and it is free (http://sdc.shockwave.com/shockwave/download/download.cgi?&P5_Language=English).

13. PowerPoint and “Movies” • "Movies" are desktop video files with formats such as AVI, QuickTime, and MPEG, and file extensions such as .avi, .mov, .qt, .mpg, and .mpeg. • You cannot add a clip from a DVD to your PPT show unless you use another program such as PFCMedia

14. Video of lab procedure, clip from popular movie, or science film • Tape movie from TV on VHS or directly by digital movie camera (copy from DVD….) • Transfer to computer through iLINK • Edit on computer; add title, cuts, dissolves, etc. Movie Maker software for Windows XP is available free from Microsoft. • Transfer to laptop for classroom: burn onto CD (choose file type- mpeg) or DVD (stand alone- not linked to PPT) • If a mpeg file on hard drive, use a Link in a PPT slide

15. Don’t expect Hollywood quality; files are huge see Lorenzo’s Oil clip……You can test a movie to see if it will play in PPT- test with Windows Media Player. If the movie doesn't play, Windows Media Player gives you detailed error messages and a Help link that can help you troubleshoot the problem.

16. 1. Clutch Model for Cell Crawling-tough for students to follow

17. FLASH Animation shows motion….(developed after taking a couple of FLASH courses…but like a foreign language, if you don’t use it daily, the animation takes forever….) • http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/cellcrawling.swf

18. 2. Method:Freeze Fracture (what is E face and P face? From same cell?

19. FLASH Animation showing two cells are shown in Freeze Fracture…(developed with Coll Arts & Media Student Arthur Lam) http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/cell.swf

20. 3. From Devel. Biol: The Wnt Pathway:1.Extracellular ligand Wnt binding to its membrane receptor (frizzled) followed by activation of the receptor. 2. The receptor in turn activates (shown by →) the intracellular protein disheveled 3. which then inhibits (==|) glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). 4. Once GSK-3 is inhibited, it can no longer induce the destruction of beta-catenin. OR (wow! I am using visual aid!!)- From Developmental Biology by Gilbert:Wnt → Frizzled → Disheveled ==|GSK-3 ==|Beta-catenin.Students this Wnt leads to inhibition of beta-catenin

21. FLASH animation of Wnt Path (from Dr. Randy Moon, Univ Wash) • http://faculty.washington.edu/rtmoon/movies/cell.swf • Not perfect, but emphasizes that Wnt leads to increased Beta Catenin… • This is one FLASH animation that you can steal and put on your hard drive (note the URL has a .swf ending; this is a flash file that is not embedded in a htm file; if the flash file IS embedded, it is tough to steal it). Rt click on link to save the animation. • Note that the FLASH file is small – only 42kB.

22. 4. Apoptosis…too much in one figure so cover part (use Draw toolbar, alter transparency)…but still too complicated

23. An .avi animation file on Apoptosis path involving Trophic Factors • http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~bstith/apoptosis.avi

24. 5. How the Resting Membrane Potential develops • [K] is high inside the cell (due to the NaK pump) • K+ channels are a bit more open than channels of other ions (e.g., Na+ and Cl- channels are mostly closed) • K+ moves out of the cell from high to low concentration – movement of the + ion out makes the cytoplasm NEGATIVE (and NOW THE TOUGH PART…) • K+ EFFLUX STOPS WHEN ELECTRICAL AND CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS ARE EQUAL AND OPPOSITE

25. Fig. 13-4 Figure from Text (World of the Cell)

26. Animation of Development of Resting (Equilibrium) Membrane Potential • K Channels open, K+ moves due to DIFFUSION FORCE (see arrow). • Then the developing membrane potential FIGHTS further K movement. THIS IS THE ELECTRICAL FORCE. • At the end of the animation, K is in equilibrium (diffusion and electrical forces are equal and opposite). • THE ANIMATION SHOWS THE SHRINKING OF THE DIFFUSION FORCE (arrow shrinks in size) AND GROWTH OF THE ELECTRICAL FORCE (arrow grows) UNTIL THE TWO ARROWS ARE EQUAL and OPPOSITE. • Click here for the animated gif (100 KB).

27. Animations are not needed for all static illustrations…Animations do not produce miracles; but studies suggest an increase of 15-20% in correct answers on certain questions when animation was used(questions on topics involving motion, location within cell, multiple steps, etc) Are we all (in part) visual learners?

28. Remember that you can often take animations off the web; • Google search with key word and “animation” • Right click on the animation link and select Save Target As or Save Picture As to put on your hard drive. • http://faculty.plattsburgh.edu/donald.slish/animations.html • Does not work if you save htm file not original swf or gif file (try using MS Front Page)

29. Vocabulary • AVI- Windows AVI provides the capability to develop animation files that can be included in multimedia presentations and as part of WWW pages. The files (which end with an .avi extension) require a special player. • compression- method for making file size smaller and therefore easier/quicker to transfer • GIF- (Graphics Interchange Format)developed by Compuserve. standard image format (along with JPEG) for the WWW.Technically, a GIF uses the 2D raster data type, is encoded in binary, and uses LZW compression. There are two versions of the format, 87a and 89a. Version 89a (July, 1989) allows for the possibility of an animated GIF, which is a short sequence of images within a single GIF file. A GIF89a can also be specified for interlaced presentation. • JPEG- is a graphic image created by choosing from a range of compression qualities. When you create a JPEG or convert an image from another format to a JPEG, you are asked to specify the quality of image you want. Since the highest quality results in the largest file, you can make a trade-off between image quality and file size. Formally, the JPEG file format is ISO standard 10918. • Kb- kilobyte a measure of computer memory or storage, a kilobyte (KB or Kbyte*) is approximately a thousand bytes (actually, 2 to the 10th power, or decimal 1,024 bytes). • Mb- megabyte as a measure of computer processor storage and real and virtual memory, a megabyte (abbreviated MB) is 2 to the 20th power bytes, or 1,048,576 bytes in decimal notation. • morph- artificial animation by running a sequence of images together. • MPEG- (Moving Picture Experts Group) a movie format.MPEG (pronounced EHM-pehg), the Moving Picture Experts Group, develops standards for digital video and digital audio compression. It operates under the auspices of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The MPEG standards are an evolving series, each designed for a different purpose. (Note that .mp3 file suffixes indicate MP3 (MPEG-1 audio layer-3) files, not MPEG-3 standard files.) You can download shareware or commercial MPEG players from a number of sites on the Web.For additional information, see About MPEG on the official MPEG Committee Web site. An illustrated Overview of the MPEG-4 Version 1 Standard is available. • Plug-in- applications are programs that can easily be installed and used as part of your Web browser. A plug-in application is recognized automatically by the browser and its function is integrated into the main HTML file that is being presented. • PNG-A patent-free replacement for the GIF, the PNG format, has been developed by an Internet committee and major browsers will soon be supporting it. • Quicktime- is a multimedia development, storage, and playback technology from Apple for all platforms that combine sound, text, animation, and video in a single file. Using a Quicktime player that either comes with a WWW browser or can be downloaded from Apple or the browser company, you can view and control brief multimedia sequences. Quicktime files can be recognized by their file name extensions: qt, mov, and moov. • Shockwave- developed by Macromedia, is a family of multimedia players. WWW users can download the Shockwave players (Windows and Mac) from the Macromedia site and use it to display and hear Shockwave files. • streaming- means that movies or sounds play as they arrive and you do not have to wait until the complete file downloads to view of hear.

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