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TEAP Progress Report

TEAP Progress Report. M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0 m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a. 1. TEAP Medical Technical Options Committee Progress Report.

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TEAP Progress Report

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  1. TEAP Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a 1

  2. TEAP Medical Technical Options Committee Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a 2

  3. Essential Uses: Summary for Metered Dose Inhalers • 7 EUNs submitted (6 Article 5 -plus- Russian Federation) • Adequate CFC-free alternatives for beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for all importing countries – CFCs nominated for beta-agonists and ICS MDIs intended for export: Not Recommended • CFCs for domestic use for beta-agonists and ICS may still be needed for 2011 to complete transition (Argentina, China, Iran, Pakistan, Russian Federation): recommended for 2011 • Only limited range of CFC-free anti-cholinergics currently available: recommended for 2011, where essential M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  4. Party 2010 2011 Argentina 178 120.2 (107.2) Bangladesh 156.7 113.7 (38.7) China 972.2 809.9 (741.2) India 343.6 192.3 (48.2) Iran 105 105 (105) Pakistan 34.9 39.6 (39.6) Russian Federation 212 248 (212) Essential Uses:Summary for Metered Dose Inhalers For Parties nominating in 2010: Authorised for 2010; Requested (Summary Recommendation) 2011 Note: TEAP Report shows specific recommendations for Parties with reference to active ingredients and intended markets M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  5. Estimated Use CFCs for MDIs, 2010-14

  6. Global Use and Production of CFCsfor Metered Dose Inhalers • 60th ExCom decided to modify production agreements for China and India to allow production of pharmaceutical-grade CFCs to meet essential uses of other countries for 2010, with annual review. • If MTOC recommendations for 2011 approved: • China manufactures CFC for its own use, and can export to Russia (Russia probably last EUN 2011) • All other Parties might be able to manage remaining CFC needs from stockpile (total 300 t; <250 t in 2011, <55 t in 2012) • Stocks at start 2010: USA 1,020 t; Venezuela 301 t; prices trebled from $5 to $15/kg • New pharmaceutical-grade CFC manufacture may not be needed to meet 2011 and 2012 requirements (except China) M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  7. Manufacturing conversion in Article 5 • Many conversions being completed by 2011 • Some companies moving ahead without MLF funding • Some companies have CFC-free capacity that is not fully utilised M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  8. Argentina • Significantly reduced exports through nomination process • Affordable CFC-free alternatives are available for all drugs in all export markets • Most manufacturers switched to HFCs; total installed capacity for salbutamol HFC MDIs sufficient for demand • Pablo Cassara • Inexpensive salbutamol CFC MDIs supplying 60-70% of Argentina’s market • MLF has financed the first replacement project with isobutane, but toxicological issues are not yet resolved • No apparent technical barriers to reformulate salbutamol MDIs with HFCs (as this company has for other drugs) • Without demonstrated progress, in future MTOC may be unable to recommend CFCs for its salbutamol MDIs M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  9. Bangladesh and India • Bangladesh • Transition strategy phase-out by 2012, ahead of expectations • 3 manufacturers will have HFC MDIs for salbutamol and beclomethasone this year • HFC MDI manufacturing capacity exceeds national demand • India • Transition progressing well • Cipla has 51 different CFC-free products available • TEAP does not recommend the portion of India’s EUN designated for export to markets that have banned CFC MDIs M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  10. China • 810 t requested, including 589 t for salbutamol and 96 t for beclomethasone • 90% of EUN for domestic market – recommended • 10% of EUN intended for export – not recommended • Ciclesonide in regulatory review – not recommended • Chinese Traditional Medicines – to be re-evaluated nationally M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  11. China (2) • China’s current schedule infers that it will be the last country to complete the transition • Salbutamol CFC-MDI phase-out will be completed by 2016, based upon 6 CFC-free alternatives becoming available • Beclomethasone CFC-MDI phase-out will be completed by 2017, based upon 2 CFC-free alternatives becoming available • Fast track regulatory processes could accelerate phase-out • China manufactures its own pharmaceutical-grade CFCs: CFC production “campaign” to complete transition might be needed M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  12. Decision XXI/4(8) TEAP/MTOC technical expert mission to Russian Federation • Funded by grants from Sweden, Finland and 2 Russian MDI manufacturers • GEF CFC phase-out programme in 1990s omitted the MDI sector; subsequently, adequate investment has not been secured • Funding support for technology conversion and equipment is critical for transition • With funding, manufacturing transition could be completed by the end of 2012 M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  13. Decision XXI/4(8) TEAP/MTOC technical expert mission to Russian Federation • Formulation of new salbutamol HFC MDIs is completed and initial dossiers submitted to health authorities • Accelerating the health regulatory processes could facilitate approvals • An Inter-Ministerial working group chaired by Ministry of Health has been convened • Some affordable CFC-free imports are available that could make up any shortfall • Without additional demonstrated progress, MTOC may be unable to recommend future EUNs M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  14. TEAP Chemicals Technical Options Committee Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a 14

  15. Process Agents • Three process agent uses (#5, 11, and 27 of Table A) discontinued in the EU • Reporting to Table B is only required for those Parties using process agents • Clarification is needed on EU sources of CTC emissions (process agents, feedstocks, inadvertent production and other uses) • A joint report by TEAP and the MLF ExCom will be submitted to the OEWG-31 in 2011 (as per decision XXI/3 (5)) M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  16. Laboratory and Analytical Uses of ODS • Parties provided extensive information about reasons for use of controlled substances in lab & analytical uses • Alternative substances and procedures for most lab & analytical uses could be adopted by Article 5 and non-Article 5 Parties at no extra cost • Some laboratory uses are difficult to replace where the ODSs are converted or transformed • CTOC will provide further information on decisions XXI/6 (5) and (6) at MOP-22 • TEAP/CTOC requests information from A5 Parties on any of those uses already removedfrom the exemption M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  17. EUN of CFC-113 in the Russian Federation • CTOC recommends the EUN for 100 metric tonnes of CFC-113 in 2011 by the Russian Federation for use in the domestic space program (with a projected decrease to 35 tonnes in 2014) • CTOC recommends greater efforts for the introduction of appropriate alternatives and newly designed equipment to complete the phase-out of CFC-113 on an accelerated time schedule M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  18. Destruction Technologies • CTOC identified approximately 180 facilities in 27 countries employing a variety of technologies; far more than reported in the 2002 TEAP Task Force Report • Information was obtained on four emerging destruction technologies including the conversion of halons and CFCs into unsaturated fluoromonomers, and the chemical decomposition of methyl bromide • As destruction becomes more widespread, existing guidelines may need to be revisited M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  19. TEAP Foams Technical Options Committee Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0 m e e t i n g, 1 4 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 10, G e n e v e 19

  20. Non-Article 5 Countries • HFC use is continuing to decline in the polyurethane (PU) sector as hydrocarbon technologies continue to mature • Further optimisation of hydrocarbon technologies has largely closed the gap in thermal performance with HFC technologies • Transition out of HCFCs has been completed in the XPS sector, with the primary choice being combinations of saturated HFCs 20 M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  21. Non-Article 5 Countries (2) • Short-lived (unsaturated) HFCs are being investigated in a number of foam applications • The short-lived HFC-1234ze is already in commercial use for PU One Component Foam (OCF) • The potential role of carbon finance has been actively considered in both Europe and North America 21 M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  22. Article 5 countries (1) • Accelerated HCFC phase-out under Decision XIX/6 continues to place pressure on the validation of HCFC-alternatives suitable for developing countries • Pilot projects are being conducted on key technology options and some are close to completion. A recent workshop confirmed the use of methyl formate in Brazil, Australia and the USA in integral skin, specialty flexible and most rigid foam applications 22

  23. Article 5 countries (2) • A pilot project in the polyurethane sector using methylal is underway in Brazil • Pilot projects have been approved for HFC-1234ze in the XPS sector in Turkey and for super-critical CO2 in PU spray foam in Colombia • Pre-blended hydrocarbons may have a significant role to play for smaller enterprises. Two pilot projects have been approved 23 M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  24. Article 5 countries (3) • The MLF ExCom has not approved a methodology for quantifying the climate impacts of technology transitions • Pilot projects on the end-of-life management of domestic refrigerators have been identified and are in the process of development 24

  25. TEAP Halons Technical Options Committee Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30 m e e t i n g, 1 4 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 10, G e n e v e 25

  26. HTOC Progress Report Four new halon alternatives will be included in the 2010 Assessment Report Halon extinguishing agents are being encapsulated in specialty paint in Russia Halon 1301 continues to be produced in China and France for feedstock use There has been a further decline in recycling & recovery operations in Article 5 countries M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  27. Civil Aviation Safety Contaminated halon first found on civil aircraft in Fall of 2009 has now been found on aircraft from other countries Inconclusive testing of this contaminated halon 1211 has identified a wide variety of substances including significant concentrations of flammable refrigerants including hydrocarbons Investigation of alleged criminal activity is underway HTOC members are working with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and other authorities to resolve the issue HTOC working with industry to develop new test methods M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  28. Response to Decision XXI/7 HTOC Co-chair participated in a 3-day meeting with industry and government agencies at ICAO to discuss the progress on eliminating halons in civil aviation The Group developed draft Resolution text for the 37th ICAO General Assembly to consider a mandate to: Replace halons in lavatories for new production aircraft in 2011 Replace halons in hand-helds for new production aircraft in 2014 Replace halons in engine nacelles and APUs in 2014 for aircraft for which a new application type certification has been submitted M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  29. Response to Decision XXI/7 Urges States to issue guidance material for halon alternatives and fire detection systems for cargo bays Encourages States to promote research on alternative fire suppression systems Urges States to take note of their halon reserves and to report back to the next Assembly Dates are up to 3 years delayed from those originally agreed, primarily because of implementation timeframes required under the Chicago Convention Industry subsequently requested a further 2-year delay to 2016 in order to test a low GWP alternative to halon 1211 M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  30. Response to Decision XXI/7 HTOC was instrumental in strengthening the draft Resolution from “consider a mandate” to “establish a mandate” HTOC continues to work with the ICAO Secretariat on other options that may reduce the draft timeframes M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  31. TEAP Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee Progress Report Co-chairs: Marcotte (SC), Pizano (QPS), Besri, Porter (S) M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30 m e e t i n g, 1 4 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 10, G e n e v e 31

  32. Baselines and trends in MB consumption for controlled uses, 1991-2008 (nA5/A5) • Most Parties have made substantial progress in MB phaseout • 2008 non-A5 consumption was 6,996 t or about 12% of the baseline. A5 consumption was 5,395 t or 34 % of the baseline.

  33. MB phaseout of controlled uses • The four Parties previously using 90% of non-A5 MB have reduced consumption in 2010 to: • 11% (USA), 0% (EC), 8% (Israel) and 4% (Japan) • Israel will not submit CUNs after 2012 and Japan will stop CUN requests for soil uses by 2013 • MB phaseout by A5 Parties in 2008, compared to the regional baselines (1995-1998 average), is: • Latin America: 51% • Africa : 75% • Asia : 72% • CEIT region 100% M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  34. Progress in soil treatment - Chemical alternatives • Chemical alternatives (1,3-D/Pic, chloropicrin, metham sodium and metham potassium), used alone and/or in combination with other alternatives are now widely adopted in many countries for many preplant soil applications • Adoption of methyl iodide and the 3 way fumigant system 1,3-D/Pic/metham sodium is rapidly decreasing global consumption and in the US is significantly reducing CUNs. M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  35. Progress in soil treatment - Chemical alternatives (2) • Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is effective against a wide range of nematodes but is less effective against soil borne fungi and weeds. • Adoption of barrier films has expanded in Parties still applying for CUE to MB, including Japan, Israel and the US South Eastern states. California continues to prohibit barrier films with MB • Formulation changes and improved application methods increase the effectiveness of several alternatives (e.g., Pic EC, 1,3-D/Pic EC) M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  36. Progress in soil treatment – Non-chemical alternatives • Grafting continues to be adopted in many countries, in vegetables and cucurbits production. Research is underway in the US to establish this technology on a wider scale . • Soil less culture continues to expand in the ornamental , vegetable and strawberry industries around the world. • Biofumigation has proven successful and is being adopted in many countries e.g., Spain. • Solarisation is being adopted in many countries and is particularly efficient when combined with other non chemical and chemical alternatives . • Steaming methods are being improved to increase effectiveness and economic feasibility M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  37. Progress in Alternatives for Structures and Commodities • Sulfuryl fluoride (SF) is a major alternative but with concerns: • Regulatory approval of SF has stalled in the US and Canada; some approvals have been revoked within the EU • The high GWP of SF is comparable to that of CFC 11; millers, food processers and their customers cite environmental concerns about using SF • Parties may wish to clarify if SF “labels” allow the use of MB on packaged rice in Australia and dates in the US • International Maritime Organisation (IMO) approval will increase the use of phosphine for in-transit fumigation • New models could expand the use of heat treatment M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  38. Progress in Alternatives for Structures and Commodities (2) • Special report on use of alternatives in UK mills: • All UK mills and food processors adopted intensive IPM to minimize the need for a full site treatment and implemented other non-MB treatments; consequently MB is no longer used. • UK approach is applicable to US and Canada mills • Special report on pest control in dates: • MBTOC and USDA scientists investigated US date pest control situation; USDA research not successful thus far, but ongoing • All new, pertinent postharvest research summarized M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  39. TEAP Refrigeration, AC and Heat Pumps Technical Options Committee Progress Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30 m e e t i n g, 1 4 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 10, G e n e v e 39

  40. Refrigeration AC and HP TOC • All “equipment” chapters have contributed to the XXI/9 Task Force report • Several RTOC experts from different chapters involved in the high ambient HCFC replacement report • All material will be used in the 2010 Assessment Report • RTOC will hold two more meetings (Prague, August and Hangzhou, December) to finalise this Assessment Report M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  41. TEAP Organisational Issues M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 30 m e e t i n g, 1 4 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 10, G e n e v e 41

  42. TEAP and TOC Organisation Issues • The 2010 TEAP/ TOC membership consists of about 50 Article 5 and 100 non-Article 5 experts • In response to Decision XXI/10, TEAP reorganised MBTOC into three subcommittees: QPS, SC and Soils • Many non-Article 5 experts are struggling to get support from governments and employers to travel to meetings or to be compensated for their time • TEAP is urgently requesting all non-Article 5 governments, industry associations, and enterprises to look once more into all possibilities to fund costs for experts M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

  43. TEAP and TOC Organisation Issues (2) • TEAP Article 5 Co-Chair position • Jose Pons-Pons has retired as TEAP Co-Chair but continues as MTOC Co-Chair • Marta Pizano has been nominated by Colombia as TEAP Co-Chair • TEAP supports this nomination • In 2010, K. Madhava Sarma (Senior Expert member) retired from TEAP • Sweden has submitted a nomination for a TEAP Senior Expert member M o n t r e a l P r o t o c o l O E W G - 3 0m e e t i n g, 1 5 - 1 8 J u n e 2 0 1 0, G e n e v a

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