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The Inward Force

The Inward Force. AP Physics. Centripetal Acceleration. Centripetal force and centripetal acceleration are always directed toward the center of the circular motion. Centripetal Force.

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The Inward Force

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  1. The Inward Force AP Physics

  2. Centripetal Acceleration • Centripetal force and centripetal acceleration are always directed toward the center of the circular motion.

  3. Centripetal Force • Recall that according to Newton’s Second Law, the acceleration is directly proportional to the Force. If this is true: Since the acceleration and the force are directly related, the force must ALSO point towards the center. This is called CENTRIPETAL FORCE. NOTE: The centripetal force is a NET FORCE. It could be represented by one or more forces.

  4. Centripetal Acceleration with angular quantities • Centripetal acceleration is always inward. • Must be in units of kg·m/s² to get a force in Newtons

  5. As a car makes a turn, the force of friction acting upon the turned wheels of the car provide the centripetal force. As a bucket of water is tied to a string and spun in a circle, the force of tension acting upon the bucket provides the centripetal force. As the moon orbits the Earth, the force of gravity acting upon the moon provides the centripetal force. Centripetal Force is required for Circular Motion

  6. At the top of the motion: At the bottom of the motion: Vertical Circular Motion

  7. Vertical Circle Practice • The maximum tension that a 0.50 m string can tolerate is 14 N. A 0.25-kg ball attached to this string is being whirled in a vertical circle. What is the maximum speed the ball can have: • the top of the circle? • at the bottom of the circle?

  8. Top: Bottom: Answers

  9. Example Problem Top view What is the minimum coefficient of static friction necessary to allow a penny to rotate along a 33 1/3 rpm record (diameter = 0.300 m), when the penny is placed at the outer edge of the record? FN Ff mg Side view

  10. Banked Incline • If a curve with a radius of 80 m is perfectly banked for a car traveling at 70 km/h, then what is the maximum safe speed for a car to not skid if the coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.23. • First you must find the banking angle without friction. v = 25 m/s θ = 26°

  11. Velocity Tangential (v) Angular (ω) Acceleration Tangential (a) Angular (α) Centripetal (ac) Many Quantities Linear and angular quantities are related by the radius of revolution.

  12. Total Linear Acceleration? • Tangential and centripetal acceleration are both linear quantities. • Always 90° apart. • There is a total linear acceleration as well. • Found by adding the two (tangential and centripetal) linear accelerations vectors together.

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