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Astro 001 - Section 4 Prof. Fox

Astro 001 - Section 4 Prof. Fox. Please find a seat in front (below the separating aisle). Course Materials. Required: Interwrite Personal Response System (PRS) Lecture-Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy , by Prather, Slater, Adams & Brissenden

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Astro 001 - Section 4 Prof. Fox

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  1. Astro 001 - Section 4 Prof. Fox Please find a seat in front (below the separating aisle)

  2. Course Materials • Required: • Interwrite Personal Response System (PRS) • Lecture-Tutorials for Introductory Astronomy, by Prather, Slater, Adams & Brissenden • Edmund Scientific Sky & Planet Locator (“planisphere”) • Recommended and very useful: • Astronomy: A Beginner's Guide to the Universe by Chaisson & McMillan, Fifth Ed. (includes web access) • Discounted “bundles” available at the bookstore

  3. The Astronomical Universe • What’s up there, and why? • Earth’s place in the Solar System… Galaxy… Universe • Conceptual focus • Scientific mode of thinking and problem-solving

  4. Course Grading • Participation • In class (PRS) • Online (Angel) • 11 Homeworks (Angel) • Two Projects • Spectroscopy • Telescopes • Four Exams • Three in-class • Final

  5. Keys to Success • Prepare for class • Print out lecture notes and/or slides • Use these to take notes • Attend class • Lectures are the basis for exams • Participation counts • Lots of review – as we go, and preparing for Exams • Ask questions • During class • Office hours & email • Prepare for Exams • Practice questions (book, web) • Participate in the Angel Discussion Forum

  6. Course Projects Evenings, Mon-Thu • Spectroscopy • Open for one week, Feb 4-12 • Classroom activity + Exploration of downtown • Telescopes • Open to all from Jan 22 to Feb 14 • Afterwards: Open according to last names • Complete by the end of the period defined by your last name Rooftop observing

  7. Astronomy Diagnostic Test • Take this week via Angel • 40 minutes, timed • Taking the test is part of your grade (Participation) • Score does not matter but you must attempt all questions • Due by Thursday’s Lecture • “Next” to get next question • “Submit” only at the very end This is not a hint!

  8. Discussion Forums • Set up on Angel • NYT Science Times • Discuss astronomy news and features from the New York Times (each Tuesday) • Also discussed in-class each Tuesday • Exam Review • Ask and answer questions about exam material to prepare for tests • Points for participation NYT Science Times

  9. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Visual and Historical Astronomy

  10. HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY

  11. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Visual and Historical Astronomy Gravity

  12. GRAVITY

  13. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Gravity Light

  14. LIGHT

  15. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Solar System Gravity Light

  16. THE SOLAR SYSTEM

  17. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Stars Solar System Gravity Light

  18. STARS

  19. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Milky Way Stars Solar System Gravity Light

  20. THE MILKY WAY

  21. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Milky Way Galaxies Stars Solar System Gravity Light

  22. GALAXIES

  23. STRUCTURE OF COURSE Universe Galaxies Stars Solar System Gravity Light

  24. THE UNIVERSE

  25. Life Universe Galaxies Stars Solar System Gravity Light

  26. LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE

  27. “Space is big. Really big.” — The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy

  28. The Cosmic Calendar See also: Southwest stairwell in Davey Lab (begin on Floor 5)

  29. Cosmic Countdown • The “Cosmic Year” encloses the history of the Universe in a single year • 13.7 billion : 1 compression • Divides into 31 million “Cosmic Seconds” • One “Cosmic Second” corresponds to 442 years • Counting backwards, then…

  30. 0s: 2008 C.E. 2008 Presidential candidates Hillary Clinton & Barack Obama

  31. 1s: 1565 C.E. Spanish conquest of the Incan Empire, 1541 CE

  32. 2s: 1123 C.E. Norman conquest of 1066 CE – Bayeaux Tapestry

  33. 3s: 681 C.E. Birth & Rise of Islam – 632 (red) to 661 (pink) to 750 CE (yellow)

  34. 4s: 239 C.E. “Three Kingdoms City” in Wuxi, China, 222-263 CE Palace of Diocletian, Roman Emperor from 284–305 CE

  35. 5s: 203 B.C.E. Hannibal crossing the Alps in 202 BCE, by Henri Paul Motte

  36. 6s: 645 B.C.E. King Assurbanipal of Assyria founded the world’s first library at Nineveh, ca. 650 BCE

  37. 7s: 1087 B.C.E. Kings Saul and David (1006–965 BCE) rule over the Israelites

  38. 8s: 1529 B.C.E. Shang Dynasty (ca. 1600–1046 BCE) artifacts from China

  39. 9s: 1971 B.C.E. Pharaohs Amenemhet I (1991–1962 BCE; pyramid and tomb) and Senusret I (1971–1976 BCE; bust) of the 12th Dynasty

  40. 10s: 2413 B.C.E. The Great Pyramid, completed ca. 2560 BCE during the 4th Dynasty

  41. 15s: 4623 B.C.E. • First systems of writing and proto-writing • First states and cities • Dawn of civilization The Tartaria tablets, ca. 5500 BCE

  42. Next year: 13.7b years ago • Big Bang! (We end at the beginning) (Formation of the Earth in about 4 months)

  43. Large Numbers Any number that you can add 1 billion to without noticing. • Age of Universe: 13.7 billion years, or 1017 seconds • Neurons in human brain: 100 billion • Synapses in human brain: 150 trillion • Protons in the Visible Universe: 1054 • Proton volumes in the Visible Universe: 1089

  44. Large Numbers Recall: 1054 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000 … and so forth

  45. Large Numbers Recall: 1054 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000, 000,000,001,000,000,000 … and so forth

  46. More Large Numbers • Lifetime of M-dwarf star on the main sequence: 1012 years • Death of the Milky Way’s last stars: 1014 years • Proton decay timescale: More than 1035 years (Super-K) • Doubling times during the epoch of Cosmic Inflation: ~1012 (Linde) Planet orbiting an M-dwarf star

  47. “Space is big. Really big.” — The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy

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