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Outbreak Investigation

Outbreak Investigation. Terms. Incidence Rate Prevalence Outbreak; Cluster; Pseudo-outbreak. An increase ( incidence rate) over the expected occurrence ( prevalence ) of an event. Note that a single case of an unusual disease or pathogen may constitute an outbreak.

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Outbreak Investigation

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  1. Outbreak Investigation

  2. Terms • Incidence Rate • Prevalence • Outbreak; • Cluster; • Pseudo-outbreak • An increase (incidence rate) over the expected occurrence (prevalence) of an event. • Note that a single case of an unusual disease or pathogen may constitute an outbreak. • E.g., SSI with GAS • HAI with Legionella • the number of cases of a specific disease present in a given population at a certain time. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Prevalence+(epidemiology) • The incidence rate is the number of new cases per population in a given time period • Episode of increased disease incidence due to enhanced surveillance or other factor not related to the disease under study. • There is a rise in test results without actual clinical disease • a grouping of health-related events that are closely related temporally and in proximity • The number of cases in the cluster may or may not exceed the expected number.

  3. Cluster vs. Outbreak • Both require prompt investigation • Determined by cluster analysis • HAIs surveillance provides both the baseline rate and ongoing monitoring • MC-ICD-P/16 &20. .

  4. Outbreak Management

  5. Outbreak Management

  6. I C Interventions Infection control measures : • Patient isolation of the HAI -infected patient. • Cohorting HAI -infected patients. • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). • Hand hygiene. • Visitors instructions. • Environmental cleaning .

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