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Provides information about Chaucer's biography, The Canterbury Tales, and Chaucer's England.
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Geoffrey Chaucer • Born 1340, or 1344 (exact date unknown) in London, England • Most remembered for The Canterbury Tales • 1359-1360: fought in the Hundred Years’ War in France • 1385: became Justice of the Peace in Kent and was elected to Parliament shortly after • Began working on The Canterbury Tales when he was in his early 40s and died before it was finished
The Canterbury Tales • Written at the end of the 14th century • Originally written in Middle English • Most are written in verse, a few are written in prose • Chaucer used these tales to criticize English society, especially the Church
The Canterbury Tales • It is believed that Chaucer died before he finished the tales • The intended order of the tales is unknown; some tales have prologues and epilogues that seem to lead into another tale, but the order of every tale can not be determined
Chaucer’s England • The Roman Catholic Church has absolute control over everyone. • People believed that the only way to get to heaven was if they Roman Catholic Church let you. • People generally paid 10% of what they earned to the Church (called tithes). • Peasants who didn’t have money would give grain, animals, etc. or free labor on the church’s land
Chaucer’s England Social Classes were called estates • First Estate: The Clergy • Second Estate: Nobility / Military • Third Estate: the Peasants Women were classified into three “feminine estates”: virgin, wife, or widow