1 / 14

Chemistry Today

Chemistry Today. Breathalyzers. When alcohol is consumed, 90% is metabolized. This occurs primarily in the liver. For an average adult male (5’8”, 160 lbs), drinking 4 or more beers in one hour can cause the legal intoxication. Fig 6.4. Breathalyzers (2).

Olivia
Download Presentation

Chemistry Today

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chemistry Today

  2. Breathalyzers • When alcohol is consumed, 90% is metabolized. This occurs primarily in the liver. • For an average adult male (5’8”, 160 lbs), drinking 4 or more beers in one hour can cause the legal intoxication. Fig 6.4

  3. Breathalyzers (2) • A small percentage of alcohol is exhaled as gas through the lungs. The assumption is that the % alcohol content in the lungs is 2100 times lower than the % alcohol content in the blood. • The Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) legal limit is 0.08 = 0.08 g alcohol in 100 mL blood. When alcohol in the blood exceeds 0.08, a person is legally intoxicated.

  4. How Does a Breathalyzer Work? • Dark R1 + Alcohol  Light P1 • 2K2Cr2O7 [DARK reddish orange] + 3CH3CH2OH + 8H2SO4  2Cr2(SO4)3 [LIGHT green] + 2K2SO4 + 3CH3COOH + 11H2O • Catalyzed (speeded up) by AgNO3 • As Ethyl Alcohol or Ethanol,CH3CH2OH increases, the solution becomes lighter and transmits more light.

  5. How Does a Breathalyzer Work? (2) • The amount of light transmitted through the alcohol detecting solution is measured yields a %BAC. • Calculate your BAC: • http://science.howstuffworks.com/breathalyzer6.htm

  6. Other Applications for Breathlyzer Technology • In the 18th century, French chemist Lavoisier proved that the body produces CO2. 200 years later (1970's), Linus Pauling showed that the breath contains over 100 different organic compounds. • Preliminary studies are focused on detecting these compounds and seeking to link them with diseases for diagnostic purposes.

  7. Examples • Predict if a heart transplant patient will reject a new organ. Hearts-breath test technology is similar to the breathalyzer but "a billions times more sensitive". The FDA approved it last year. • This test (few hundred $) can determine if an biopsy (thousands of $) is needed. • However, a biopsy is more sensitive and selective. More R&D is needed.

  8. Examples (2) • Detect TB, lung cancer, diabetes before symptoms are observed. • Forensic detection of explosive-handling. • Consistent with increasing use of non-invasive medical procedures. • Good for children. • NY Times

  9. What do these words have in common? • Mercury • Cobalt • Element • Ion • Fusion

  10. What do these words have in common? • CHEMICAL TERMS AND CAR NAMES • Mercury • Chevy Cobalt • Honda Element • Saturn Ion • Honda Fusion

  11. What's That Stuff • What's That Stuff? • http://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff.html • Periodic Table of Comic Book Elements • http://www.uky.edu/Projects/Chemcomics/

  12. HAVE A FUN AND SAFE SPRING BREAK • Exam 2 available March 20 along with another Reflection Project.

More Related