Anne M. Jochum, Alfonso Calera & Andrés Cuesta

1. Earth Observation technologies to improve Irrigation Advisory Services Anne M. Jochum, Alfonso Calera & Andrés Cuesta Instituto de Desarrollo Regional. Albacete Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

2. DEMonstrationof EarthobservationTechnologiesin Routineirrigation advisory services D E M E T E R Project co-funded by the European Commission EVG1-CT-2002-00078

3. D E M E T E R • Objectives • To improve the efficiency in the use of water for irrigation • To assess, develop, and demonstrate how • Øto improve the performance and cost-effectiveness • of IAS by incorporating EO techniques in daily operations; • Øto make information easily available to IAS and farmers • (end-users) by integrating IT in the information generation • and distribution. • Increase crop water productivity

4. more crops more jobs per drop Water productivity Rural development Sustainable Agriculture DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

5. DEMETER is user-driven ITAP...............Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial DxSele…….................Consorzio di Bonifica Destra Sele ABCaia..................Associação de Beneficiários do Caia Core Users DEMETER is policy-oriented MAPyA.....Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación INEA…….……....Instituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria IDRHa…..Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural e Hidráulica National Core Users DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

6. Irrigation Advisory Service Albacete Current procedure: Outputs Evapotranspiration of crops ETo ETc Kc Agroclimatic Station Phenology crops Measurements

7. Irrigation Advisory Service Albacete Current procedure: • Irrigation Communities • Local press • Local TV • Answer phone • Fax • Visits to private sites • Internet: www.itap.es The distribution of data to the user

8. Earth Observation Module Weather and climate information: rainfall (previous dates predictions), other data Kc Advanced products Remote Sensing Information Technology Field work End user (farmer) Kc Crop Water Requirement (FAO procedure) Agrometeorological stations ETo Space and IT assisted Irrigation Advisory Service (e-SAIAS) DEMETER Information Technology Module Irrigation Advisory Service (Current situation) DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

9. Specification of DEMETER products DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

10. Space-time resolution Spatial Resolution 20 - 30 m sufficient to resolve plots of 10000 m2 4 - 6 days weekly irrigation scheduling cycles Temporal Resolution DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

11. EO virtual satellite constellation full set of high-resolution satellites + inter-satellite cross-calibration procedure (Martínez and Calera, 2001)

12. initial development reprod. matura. initial development reprod. maturation Kc evolution of wheat and maize WHEAT MAIZE

13. IT component 3 Modules > in pilot zone GIS and > IAS input stream EO data integration s Information-Decision-Interface Information distribution s > complementary data sources > display & visualization > general, public > personalized

14. Barrax (Spain) Cereals Caia (Portugal) Mixed crops, horticulture, olive trees Destra Sele (Italy) Mixed crops, fruit trees Pilot zones DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

15. RESULTS - 1 Intensive field campaign Period: May-October 2001 Crop: Maize (Barrax, Albacete) Measured Biophysic Parameters: Green cover, LAI, Biomass, Height Field Radiometry : GER3700

16. Field radiometry

17. Field Campaign on maize 2001. Experimental results gfc LAI Height Biomass

18. Field Campaign on maize 2001. Experimental results gfc CGR (g m -2 day-1) NDVI Kcb Día Juliano

19. Step 1: Kcb from NDVI Fig (1). Temporal evolution of Kcb and NDVI of maize during phenological cycle. NDVI from experimental campaign during growing season year 2001.

20. RESULTS - 2 Extensive field campaign Year: 2002 Pilot Zone: Barrax, Spain

21. Landsat 7 RGB 543 color composite date: 26/5/02

22. barley barley maize maize

23. 1 Km Superpose rural cadaster over the image

24. 60 m 60 m buffer to minimize the border effect

25. Cross NDVI information with rural cadaster

26. Date: 26/5/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs Histogram

27. Date: 2/6/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs Histogram

28. Date: 11/6/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs Histogram

29. Date: 18/6/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs Histogram

30. Date: 4/7/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs Histogram

31. Date: 5/8/02 NDVI map RGB image NDVIs NDVIs Histogram

32. Summarizing 26/5/02 2/6/02 11/6/02 18/6/02 4/7/02 5/8/02

33. Methodology to obtain Crop Water Requirements

34. LANDSAT 7 RGB 543 26/5/02

35. PILOT ZONE : BARRAX 30 Km 30 Km

36. Irrigation Zones (Water Management Units)

37. WMUs over NDVI layer NDVI map Kc map ETc map

38. NDVI map Kc map ETc map

39. NDVI map Kc map ETc map

40. ETo map NDVI map Kc map ETc map

41. ETo map ETc map NDVI map Kc map Mapa ETc

42. Crop Water Requirements map (Users) NDVI map Plot: 5003 C.W.Requirement: 7 mm Kc map ETo map ETc map

43. Conclusions • EO adds spatial dimension; • IT adds interaction with / participation of all users; • EO mature & directly matches FAO procedure; • EO virtual constellation solves time-space constraint; • pre-operational campaign shows potential of real-time operations. DEMonstration of Earth observation TEchnologies in Routine irrigation advisory services

44. http://www.demeter-ec.net