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Deuterostomes and Chordates 1

Deuterostomes and Chordates 1. BIOL 1407. Deuterostomes. Phylum Echinodermata Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crinoids Phylum Chordata Tunicates, lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals. Phylum Echinodermata. Phylum Echinodermata. Larvae: bilateral symmetry

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Deuterostomes and Chordates 1

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  1. Deuterostomes andChordates 1 BIOL 1407

  2. Deuterostomes • Phylum Echinodermata • Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crinoids • Phylum Chordata • Tunicates, lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

  3. Phylum Echinodermata

  4. Phylum Echinodermata • Larvae: bilateral symmetry • Adults: pentaradial symmetry • Photo credit of pluteus larva: NOAA, 2001 • Photo credit of adult brittle star: Larry Zetwoch, 1989, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA

  5. Water Vascular System • Unique • Hydraulic system used for feeding and locomotion • Video of tube feet: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMgfZj3DsXY&feature=related • Photo Credit: Dr. James P. McVey, NOAA Sea Grant Program

  6. Phylum Chordata

  7. Characteristics of Chordates • Bilateral symmetry • Triploblastic • Coelomate • Segmented

  8. Other Chordate Characteristics • Complete Digestive System • Closed Circulatory System • Respiratory System: Gills or Lungs • Excretory System: Kidneys • Centralized Nervous System

  9. Unique Chordate Characteristics

  10. Phylum Cephalochordata:Lancelets

  11. Phylum Urochordata:Tunicates

  12. Major Chordate Clades • Craniates: Cranium • Vertebrates + Hagfishes • Vertebrates: Vertebral Column • Gnathostomes: Jaws & Paired Appendages • Osteichthyans: Lung/Lung Derivatives • Lobe-finned Fishes: Limb Bone Pattern • Tetrapods: Four Well-Developed Limbs • Amniotes: Amniotic Egg

  13. Hagfishes • Craniates • Head • Simple cranium • Not vertebrates

  14. Characteristics of Vertebrates • Vertebral Column • Well-developed skull • Photo Credit of Hippo skull: Raul654, 2005, Wikimedia Commons

  15. Photo Credit for Platypus Skeleton at Melbourne Museum: Peter Halasz, 2006, Wikimedia Commons

  16. Lampreys • Vertebrates • No jaws or paired appendages

  17. Evolution of Jaws

  18. Chondrichthyes • Cartilaginous skeleton • Jaws Present • Paired Appendages

  19. Osteichthyans • Bony Skeleton • Lung and Lung Derivatives • Two Main Groups: • Ray-finned • Lobe-finned

  20. Ray-Finned Fishes • Fins are supported by fin rays • Swim bladders • Largest vertebrate group

  21. Lobe-Finned Vertebrates • Fins and limbs supported by internal bones and muscles

  22. Lobe-Fin Pattern Photo Credit: Courtesy of Dennis Murphy, Devonian Times, http://www.devoniantimes.org/opportunity/tetrapodsAnswer.html

  23. Video of Fish with Fingers: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/4/l_034_03.html

  24. The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

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