Water

1. Water Jonathan Casimini Devon Banning

2. Where Our Drinking Water Comes From In Naples • The Water in Naples comes from groundwater pumped through three well fields in the Golden Gate Estates.   • Ground water is found in natural rock formations.  These formations, called aquifers, are a vital natural resource with many uses. .  In Florida • Ninety percent of Florida’s population relies on ground water resources for their drinking water. • Additionally, over 50% of all other water needs including agricultural, industry, mining, and electric power generation are supplied by ground water resources. • Ground water also serves as the source for Florida’s many springs and provides a significant input to many of Florida’s lakes and rivers. • Nationally, 53% of the population relies on ground water as a source of drinking water.  In rural areas this figure is even higher

4. Our Drinking Water Supply The six billion people of Planet Earth use nearly 30% of the world’s total accessible renewal supply of water.  By 2025, that value may reach 70%.  Yet billions of people lack basic water services, and millions die each year from water-related diseases. Global • In 2000, about 57% of the world's freshwater withdrawal, and 70% of its consumption, took place in Asia, where the world's major irrigated lands are located. • During the 1990’s the greatest reduction in per capita water supply was in Africa by 2.8 times and Latin America by 1.7 times Florida • Lake Okeechobee serves as the liquid heart of south Florida and the Everglades. As the second largest freshwater lake located wholly within the continental United States, and as the largest lake in Florida. • It is the primary source of water supply for the expansive Everglades Agricultural Area, is a critical supplemental water supply for the Everglades, and is the back-up water supply for millions of people along the Lower East Coast

5. Our Drinking Water Supply By 2025 • Experts estimate that by 2025 over three quarters of the people in the world will face some degree of water scarcity. • 2 types of scarcity -physical – a situation in which water use is approaching or exceeding sustainable limits. • -economic – occurs when human, institutional, infrastructural, or financial limitations prevent people from gaining access to water even though there is enough available. • Shortages from water stem from growing economics, rising populations, and changing lifestyles. This result is the ever increasing demand and competition for water

6. Water UseResidential Use VS. Agricultural Use Residential Use • Residential water use only makes up about 10% of the total usage of water • Each person uses about 80-100 gallons of water per day. The largest use of household water is to flush the toilet (6-7 gallons every time) , and after that, to take showers and baths. That is why, in these days of water conservation, we are starting to see toilets and showers that use less water than before. • Many local governments now have laws that specify that water faucets, toilets, and showers only allow a certain amount of water flow per minute. In fact, if you look real close at the head of a faucet, you might see something like "1.5 gpm,", which means that the faucet head will allow water to flow at a maximum of 1.5 gallons per minute.

7. Water UseResidential Use VS. Agricultural Use Agricultural Use. • In the United States, agriculture accounts for some 49% of the total freshwater use, with 80% of this volume being used for irrigation. • In Africa and Asia, an estimated 85-90% of all the freshwater used is for agriculture. • According to estimates for the year 2000, agriculture accounted for 67% of the world's total freshwater withdrawal, and 86% of its consumption. • By 2025, agriculture is expected to increase its water requirements by 1.2 times, industry by 1.5 times, and domestic consumption by 1.8 times. • By the year 2000, an estimated 15% of the world's cultivated lands were irrigated for food crops, accounting for almost half of the value of global crop production.

8. How much water do we use in comparison to other locales in the country and the world? Global • Regarding consumptive water use in the United States of America. (2000) • Industrial use---291.0 billion cubic meters of water. • Domestic use----35.8 billion cubic meters of water. • Agricultural use-120.9 billion cubic meters of water. • One cubic meter of water is equivalent to 264.17 gallons • Americans used 408 billion gallons of water per day • On average, 42% of total water abstraction in Europe is used for agriculture, 23% for industry, 18 % for urban use and 18% for energy production. • Australia the agriculture sector was the largest consumer of water representing 70% of total water consumption. Household water consumption representing 8% of total water consumption. • The average individual daily consumption of water is 159 gallons, while more than half the world's population lives on 25 gallons.

9. How much water do we use in comparison to other locales in the country and the world? STATE/ U.S. • Every day, over four billion gallons of groundwater are consumed to satisfy the demands of agriculture, industry, power plants, development, and municipal and public water supplies. • Floridians use more water per capita than residents of any other state except California. • There are 16 million people living in Florida. In 2000, we used 7.7 billion gallons of freshwater a day: that's 481 gallons per person per day! Our projected population for the year 2020 is 21 million and our demand for fresh water is projected to increase to approximately 9.1 billion gallons per day.! • About one-third of the freshwater we use in Florida is for municipal use, half of which is used to water lawns. Another 7% is extracted by private domestic wells. The largest use, at 52% of the freshwater that Floridians use, is for agriculture

10. How much water do we use in comparison to other locales in the country and the world? LOCAL • Collier County water departments systems generate about 40 million gallons per day. • South Florida Water Management District relaxed the one-day-a-week restrictions, people began to water more. 250,000-plus customers Lee Utilities serves • April 18 through May 17: 807.4 million gallons • March 18 through April 17: 813.5 million • Difference: minus 6.1 million Fort Myers - 60,000 customers • April 18 through May 17: 200.2 million gallons • March 18 through April 17: 194.2 million • Difference: plus 6 million

11. Regulations in place or proposed surrounding use and protection of water and ground water? Global • Outside the US almost every country has some prevention plan or law about the regulations surrounding ground water and protection. Most are similar to ours or less comprehensive. • European Parliament Environment Committee • China’s Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law • Most countries that have a sustainable economy have environmental protection plans and agencies that watch and regulate the protection of ground water. • -Australia has the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) Water Reform Framework, National Land and Water Resources Audit, National River Health Program

12. Regulations in place or proposed surrounding use and protection of water and ground water? United States • Activities to protect drinking water are carried out through a number of programs and partnerships at the federal and state level. These listed below include state and EPA programs involved in source water protection, including watershed-based, wellhead, ground water, and tribal water protection programs. • The Clean Water Act (CWA) establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters. • Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)passed by Congress in 1974 to protect public health by regulating the nation’s public drinking water supply.

13. Alt. & Strategies that are in place or being proposed to improve our water supply quality and quantity Lee County's Proposed Landscape & Fertilizer - Best Management Practices Ordinance • -Lee County in Southwest Florida is working to pass an ordinance that focuses on licensing for professional landscapers who apply fertilizers so as to cut down on over use and use of harmful chemicals • Florida Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) is a voluntary conservation program for farmers and ranchers. The program's goal is to promote agricultural production while maintaining good environmental quality. EQIP offers financial and technical assistance to eligible parties to implement structural and management practice to achieve the program's goal. • In the health care industry water is used for almost every process. Health care facilities with steam sterilizers, autoclaves, x-ray equipment, and in-house laundries or kitchens can be significant water consumers, using as much as 30,000 gallons of water a day. Approximately 35 percent of the total water use at health care facilities goes to domestic purposes, plumbing fixtures and appliances. X-ray equipment uses water in the processing of prints.

14. Interesting Facts about Water Over the last century water usage increased six fold, twice the rate of population growth. Water consumption for different objects burger = 1 gallon tire = 2,072 gallons 1lb of cotton = 101 gallons car = 39,090 1 ton of steel=62,600 1 single day of U.S. news print = 300,000,000 Interesting Facts About Water • The first municipal water filtration works opened in Paisley, Scotland in 1832. • More than 79,000 tons of chlorine is used per year in the United States and Canada to treat water. • Of all the earth's water, 97% is salt water found in oceans and seas. • Only 1% of the earth's water is available for drinking water. Two percent is currently frozen. • About two thirds of the human body is water. Some parts of the body contain more water than others. For example, 70% of your skin is water. • There are more than 56,000 community water systems providing water to the public in the United States. • Public water suppliers process 38 billion gallons of water per day for domestic and public use.

15. Interesting Facts about Water • Approximately 1 million miles of pipelines and aqueducts carry water in the United States and Canada. That's enough to circle the earth 40 times. • About 800,000 water wells are drilled each year in the United States for domestic, farming, commercial, and water testing purposes. • Typically, households consume at least 50% of their water by lawn watering. Inside, toilets use the most water, with an average of 27 gallons per person per day. • More than 13 million households get their water from their own private wells and are responsible for treating and pumping the water themselves. • Industries released 197 million pounds of toxic chemicals into waterways in 1990. • The average daily requirement for fresh water in the United States is about 40 billion gallons a day, with about 300 billion gallons used untreated for agriculture and commercial purposes. • You can survive about a month without food, but only 5 to 7 days without water. • The average five-minute shower takes between 15 to 25 gallons of water. • You can refill an 8 oz glass of water approximately 15,000 times for the same cost as a six-pack of soda.