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Amtrak Emissions Reduction Initiatives. Ellen McDermott February 23, 2005. Passenger Rail: A “Greener” Option. Amtrak is committed to protecting the environment and offers a lower emitting transportation option According to a 2004 Transportation Research Board report, public transportation:
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Amtrak Emissions Reduction Initiatives Ellen McDermott February 23, 2005
Passenger Rail: A “Greener” Option • Amtrak is committed to protecting the environment and offers a lower emitting transportation option • According to a 2004 Transportation Research Board report, public transportation: • reduces CO2 emissions by more than 7.4 million tons per year in the U.S. • produces 95% less CO, at least 92% fewer VOCs, and nearly half as much CO2 and NOx for every passenger mile traveled than private vehicles • NRDC study (1992) indicated proposed Chicago-Detroit rail service was a significantly lower source of emissions than auto or air travel (grams per passenger mile)
Northeast Corridor Electrification • 1999 marked the completion of electrification of the north end of the Amtrak Northeast Corridor (New Haven, CT to Boston, MA) • 90 miles of electrified track eliminated over 30 daily diesel trains • Final EIS (1994) projected significant net reductions of daily emissions (esp. NOx and SO2) from the Amtrak electrified/high speed service when compared to auto and air travel
CARB Fuel • Amtrak is using California Air Resources Board (CARB) low-sulfur diesel fuel in California (about 300 ppm sulfur content)
Green Goat Switcher • Diesel-battery hybrid locomotive tested for two months in Washington, D.C. in 2004 • Current grant application in for Green Kid (1,000 hp version of 2,000 hp Green Goat) through Carl Moyer program for Los Angeles locomotive maintenance yard
Purchase of New Switchers • Amtrak will purchase 10 new switcher locomotives in FY05, which meet EPA Tier 2 locomotive emission standards • Tier 2 standards are not required for passenger rail locomotives until 2007
Idle Reduction Initiatives • Administrative practice in place to turn off idling locomotives in environments greater than 40 F. • Installation of automatic start/stop devices in 80 locomotives during major overhauls in FY05-FY06 • Applied for EPA/West Coast Diesel Emissions Collaborative grant for installation of the start/stop device in 25 more locomotives operating in CA, OR, and WA
Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX) • Amtrak joined CCX as a charter member to influence rules on greenhouse gases and rail passenger operations • Committed to reducing green house gases (CO2) by these factors from the 1998-2001 baseline: • 1% in 2003 • 2% in 2004 • 3% in 2005 • 4% in 2006 • Exceeded the 1% reduction commitment for 2003 and will be submitting its 2004 diesel fuel use data to CCX by April 2005
CCX Diesel Data: Amtrak • 1998-2001 - baseline fuel use was 81 million gallons/year • 2003 - 78 million gallons of total diesel fuel use • Bottom Line - Amtrak had about 24,000 tons of CO₂ to sell in 2004 (current price is about $1.70 per ton)
Looking Forward • Perhaps Amtrak and the PUC can develop a tracking system for emissions credits based on increase in rider ship • Increase in rider ship better reflects reduction of emissions than an increase in service, because increase in rider ship directly reflects less private vehicles on the road • Amtrak has been seeking cost-effective and innovative solutions to reduce diesel emissions, and looks forward to working with the California PUC and California Climate Action Registry to explore additional alternatives