1 / 19

Chapter 3 Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter

Chapter 3 Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter. Learning Objectives:. Explains the Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of the Definite Proportions, and the Law of Multiple Proportions Summarize the 5 essential points of Daltons Atomic Theory

Patman
Download Presentation

Chapter 3 Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 3Atoms: Building Blocks of Matter

  2. Learning Objectives: • Explains the Law of Conservation of Mass, Law of the Definite Proportions, and the Law of Multiple Proportions • Summarize the 5 essential points of Daltons Atomic Theory • Explain the relationship between Daltons Atomic Theory and the Law of Conservation of Mass, the Law of definite Proportions, and the Law of Multiple Proportions

  3. FYI • The transformation of a substance or substances into one or more new substances – chemical reaction

  4. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass is neither created or destroyed during ordinary chemical reactions or physical changes. • Regardless of where or how a pure chemical compound is prepared, it is composed of a fixed proportion of elements.

  5. Law of Definite Proportions • The fact that a chemical compound contains the same elements in the exact same proportions by mass, regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound.

  6. Law of Definite Proportions • Ex. Sodium Chloride, ordinary table salt • ALWAYS : 39.34% by mass Sodium and 60.66% by mass Chlorine

  7. Law of Multiple Proportions • If two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements, then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers

  8. Law of Multiple Proportions • Example: Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide

  9. Dalton’s Atomic Theory • Dalton’s Atomic Theory was created by an English school teacher John Dalton • His theories were based on explanations for the laws of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, and law of multiple proportions. • Dalton said “all elements are composed of atoms, and only whole numbers of atoms can combine to form compounds.”

  10. Daltons Atomic Theory can be summarized by the following 5 statements.

  11. 1. • All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

  12. 2. • Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties; atoms of different elements differ in size, mass, and other properties.

  13. 3. • Atoms CANNOT be subdivided, created, or destroyed.

  14. 4. • Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole number ratios to form chemical compounds.

  15. 5. • In a chemical reaction, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged.

  16. Daltons Atomic Theory/Law of Conservation of Mass • Chemical reactions involve the separation, combination, and rearrangement of atoms and during that process atoms are not subdivided, created, or destroyed.

  17. Modern Atomic Theory • Daltons Atomic Theory has been modified to explain new observations • All matter is composed of atoms • Atoms of any one element differ in properties from atoms of another element remain unchanged.

  18. Learning Assessment • Pg. 71 • # 1-2

More Related