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City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning. City Planning Commission Growth Workshop. Citywide Planning Division. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW. WHAT IS GROWTH? HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY AND POPULATION INCREASES FUTURE NEEDS CREATED BY CONTINUING GROWTH INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES.

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City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

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  1. City of Los AngelesDepartment of City Planning City Planning CommissionGrowth Workshop Citywide Planning Division

  2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW • WHAT IS GROWTH? • HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY AND POPULATION INCREASES • FUTURE NEEDS CREATED BY CONTINUING GROWTH • INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  3. WHAT IS GROWTH? • POPULATION INCREASES • ECONOMIC EXPANSION • LAND USE DENSIFICATION/INTENSIFICATION City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  4. POPULATION GROWTH • NATURAL INCREASE • NET DOMESTIC MIGRATION • IMMIGRATION City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  5. POPULATION LEVEL • DATA SOURCES • U.S. CENSUS BUREAU • STATE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE (DOF) • PRIVATE VENDORS • DATA USUALLY MAINTAINED BY CENSUS TRACTS City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  6. ECONOMIC EXPANSION • TYPES OF MEASURES: • PERSONAL INCOME BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, FTB, BLS • RETAIL SALES BOARD OF EQUALIZATION • EMPLOYMENT STATE EDD, SCAG (DUN & BRADSTREET & ABI), UI • RETAIL, OFFICE, INDUSTRIAL SPACE BUILDING PERMITS • LEASING OF COMMERCIAL AND REAL ESTATE BROKERAGE FIRMS • INDUSTRIAL SPACE • DATA OFTEN CITYWIDE OR COUNTYWIDE, BUT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY AND JOBS OCCASIONALLY AVAILABLE AT CENSUS TRACT LEVEL City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  7. LAND USE DENSIFICATION / INTENSIFICATION • POPULATION DENSITY • EMPLOYMENT DENSITY • BUILDING HEIGHTS • BUILDING BULK (FAR) • HOUSING DENSITY • DATA LARGELY MAINTAINED IN PARCEL LEVEL FILES City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  8. A Growing City - Population Source: Census Bureau, Department of Finance, Department of City Planning. Numeric Total:: City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  9. A Growing City - Population Changes Source: Census Bureau, Department of Finance, Department of City Planning. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  10. A Growing City - Employment Source: Employment Development Department, SCAG. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  11. A Growing City - Employment Changes Source: Employment Development Department, SCAG. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  12. Comparing Population and Housing Source: Census Bureau, DOF , and DCP. Numeric Total:: City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  13. Comparing Population and Housing Source: Census Bureau, DOF , and DCP. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  14. Comparing Population and Employment Source:Census Bureau, DOF, EDD, and SCAG. • Note (1) EDD 1973 Total Employment Estimate. • Note (2) EDD 1997 Total Employment Estimate. Numeric Total: City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  15. Comparing Population and Employment Source:Census Bureau, DOF, EDD, and SCAG. • Note (1) EDD 1997 Total Employment Estimate. (1) City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  16. Industrial, Retail, and Office Space Source: Department of City Planning, Department of Building and Safety. • Industrial space includes factory and warehouse. • Retail space includes store, hotel, restaurant, and theater. • Office spaces includes office. Numeric Total (Square Footage): City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  17. Industrial, Retail, and Office Space Source: Department of City Planning, Department of Building and Safety. • Industrial space includes factory and warehouse. • Retail space includes store, hotel, restaurant, and theater. • Office spaces includes office. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  18. FUTURE NEEDS CREATED BY CONTINUING GROWTH • LONG TERM ECONOMIC EXPANSION DEPENDS ON PROVISION OF: • SUITABLE SITES FOR INDUSTRY, • ADEQUATE HOUSING, • SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE, AND • A SKILLED LABOR FORCE City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  19. ADEQUATE LAND/SPACE FOR EMPLOYMENT GROWTH IS NEEDED: • TO MAINTAIN PERSONAL INCOMES FOR RESIDENT POPULATION • TO MAINTAIN FISCAL STRENGTH OF THE CITY • TO STIMULATE ADEQUATE GROWTH OF INDUSTRIAL, OFFICE, AND RETAIL ACTIVITY • TO PROVIDE FOR NEW INDUSTRIES WITH CHANGING SPACE REQUIREMENTS • TO HAVE LOCATIONS WHICH MINIMIZE CONFLICTS WITH ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS • TO HAVE LOCATIONS WITH ADEQUATE SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  20. ADEQUATE HOUSING, ESPECIALLY AFFORDABLE HOUSING, IS NEEDED: • TO REDUCE THE INCREASING DEFICIT OF SUITABLE HOUSING • TO REDUCE TRAFFIC CONGESTION CAUSED BY HOUSING/JOB LOCATION MISMATCH • TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE LOCAL HOUSING WHICH IS ESSENTIAL TO MAINTENANCE OF CONTINUING ECONOMIC GROWTH • TO PROVIDE FOR POPULATION GROWTH WHICH WILL RESULT FROM A STRONG ECONOMY City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  21. ADEQUATE SITES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE AND MUNICIPAL FACILITIES ARE NEEDED: • TO MAINTAIN QUALITY OF LIFE FOR RESIDENT POPULATION • TO FACILITATE ECONOMIC GROWTH ON A LONG TERM BASIS • TO MAINTAIN AN EDUCATED POPULATION • TO FACILITATE DELIVERY OF PARK, LIBRARY, POLICE, AND FIRE SERVICES ….. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  22. ADEQUATE SITES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE AND MUNICIPAL FACILITIES ARE NEEDED: -- CONTINUED • TO FACILITATE DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE (POWER, SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL, WASTEWATER, WATER FACILITIES) • TO ALLOW FOR NEEDED EXPANSION OF THE PORT AND AIRPORTS WHICH FACILITATE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT • TO PROVIDE FOR ADEQUATE MOBILITY WITHIN THE CITY City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning

  23. REGIONAL TRAFFIC TRENDS • INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF VEHICLES PER HOUSEHOLD • INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF TRIPS PER HOUSEHOLD • VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT) AND VEHICLE HOURS TRAVELLED (VHT) ARE GROWING FASTER THAN POPULATION • TRUCK TRAFFIC IS NOTICEABLY INCREASING • RIDESHARING (CARPOOLING AND TRANSIT USE) HAS DECREASED (SLIGHTLY) • GAS PRICES (IN ADJUSTED DOLLARS) DECREASING City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  24. POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT GROWTH LEADS TO MORE TRAFFIC • MORE POPULATION MEANS MORE: • HOME TO WORK TRIPS • HOME TO SCHOOL TRIPS • HOME TO SHOP TRIPS • SERVICE TRIPS • MORE JOBS MEANS MORE: • COMMUTER TRIPS • CUSTOMER TRIPS • GOODS DELIVERY TRIPS • OTHER BUSINESS TRIPS City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  25. RISING INCOMES RESULT IN MORE TRAVEL • STATISTICS SHOW THAT RISING INCOMES INCREASE DEMAND FOR AUTOMOBILE TRAVEL. • AS INCOMES RISE, HOUSEHOLDS OWN MORE CARS AND DRIVE THEM MORE MILES. THE MORE CARS A HOUSEHOLD OWNS, THE MORE TRIPS THEY TEND TO MAKE. ….. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  26. RISING INCOMES RESULT IN MORE TRAVEL-- CONTINUED • STATISTIC (ACCORDING TO SCAG 1998 RTP) • A SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING WITH TWO CARS GENERATES AN AVERAGE OF 8 TRIPS PER DAY • A SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING WITH ONE CAR--- 7 TRIPS PER DAY. • A MULTIPLE FAMILY DWELLING WITH NOCARS --- 4 TRIPS PER DAY. • STATISTIC (CMP MONITORING DATA) • TRAFFIC COUNTS IN LA COUNTY DROPPED SHARPLY BETWEEN 1992 AND 1997, IN THE WAKE OF THE RECESSION AND DROP IN EMPLOYMENT, THEN ROSE SHARPLY IN 1999, DURING THE RECOVERY AND RESURGENCE IN EMPLOYMENT. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  27. EFFECTS OF NEW DEVELOPMENT • LOCATION • MAJOR EMPLOYMENT CENTERS WHICH ARE NOT CLOSE TO THE EXPECTED LABOR POOL MEANS: LONGER TRIPS CONGESTED CORRIDORS • SITE SPECIFIC IMPACTS (SUCH AS DRIVEWAY LOCATION) CAN CAUSE INTERSECTION CONGESTION NEIGHBORHOOD IMPACTS ….. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  28. EFFECTS OF NEW DEVELOPMENT-- CONTINUED • IMPACTS VARY BY TYPE OF LAND USE EXAMPLE: FAST FOOD (1,000 SQ FT) ---------------- 496 VEHICLE TRIPS (ALREADY ON THE ROAD?) LIGHT INDUSTRIAL (70,000 SQ FT)-----490 VEHICLE TRIPS (ALL NEW TRIPS AND TRUCK IMPACTS) City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning / Department of Transportation

  29. “E-COMMERCE ECONOMY” LEADS TO MORE MOBILITY • THE NEW INFORMATION ECONOMY MAKES HOUSEHOLDS AND FIRMS MORE FLEXIBLE THAN EVER IN TERMS OF WHERE THEY CAN LOCATE AND WHAT HOURS THEY WORK. • EFFICIENT TELECOMMUNICATIONS, A FLUID JOB MARKET AND FLEXIBLE JOB ARRANGEMENTS ENABLE FIRMS AND HOUSEHOLDS TO MOVE AWAY FROM URBAN CENTERS TO LESS CROWDED, MORE AFFORDABLE AREAS AT THE URBAN FRINGE, GRADUALLY BRINGING URBANIZATION AND TRAFFIC WITH THEM. • WITH ONLY ABOUT A THIRD OF THE WORKFORCE NOW ESTIMATED TO BE IN TRADITIONAL 9-TO-5 JOBS, AND MORE PEOPLE WORKING OUT OF THEIR HOMES, THERE IS MORE POTENTIAL FOR NON-PEAK HOUR TRIP-MAKING. • E-COMMERCE ENABLES THE “JUST IN TIME” DELIVERY. TRUCKS ARE BECOMING ROLLING WAREHOUSES. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

  30. CONCLUSION • TRAFFIC CONGESTION IS A BY-PRODUCT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH • THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS CAN ONLY PARTIALLY MITIGATE THE IMPACTS City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning /Department of Transportation

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