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Fact, Hypothesis, Law, Theory. Fact = a stated observation Hypothesis = a proposition that may be investigated Law or Principle = a description of observable phenomena Theory = an explanation based on extensive evidence. Continental Drift to Plate Tectonics.
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Fact, Hypothesis, Law, Theory • Fact = a stated observation • Hypothesis = a proposition that may be investigated • Law or Principle = a description of observable phenomena • Theory = an explanation based on extensive evidence
Continental Drift to Plate Tectonics
The Borderlands of ScienceShermer, (2001) • Normal Science • Empirical claims • Vast body of evidence • Borderland Science • Empirical work • Growing body of evidence • Pseudoscience • Fake science disguised as normal science • Lacks evidence
Acupuncture Astrology Big Bang Big Foot Chiropractic Heliocentrism Hypnosis Neurophysiology of Brain Function Punctuated Equilibrium Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) 10 different areas of inquiry:
The Borderlands of ScienceShermer, (2001) • Heliocentrism, .9 • Neurophysiology of Brain Function, .8 • Punctuated equilibrium, .7 ……normal science • SETI, Hypnosis, .5 • Chiropractic, .4 ……………borderland science • Acupuncture, .3 • Astrology, Big Foot, .1 ………pseudoscience
Activity: Draw a Scientist Take a few minutes with a pencil and paper and draw a scientist at work.
Scoring: (1 point for any of the following: lower score is a higher rating) • labcoat • eyeglasses • facial hair • symbols of research - test tubes, flask • symbols of knowledge - books, filing cabinet • sign of technology - solutions, machines • captions - Eureka, I’ve got it!!! • male • signs/labeling - Fire, Danger, Poison • pencils and pens in pocket protector • unkempt appearance
Three ways that humans experience and express: art, science, and religion.