Tribal Outreach, Program Development, and Leveraging NLIEC June 14, 2006

1. Tribal Outreach, Program Development, and Leveraging NLIECJune 14, 2006 Paul Dearhouse Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc Community Development Specialist 2214 N. Central Avenue Phoenix AZ 85004 Ph: 602.258.ITCA (4822) paul.dearhouse@itcaonline.com www.itcaonline.com

2. Acknowledgements • National • Carole Gates, DOE Regional Office • Regional Organizations • Energy OutWest • Local and State Agencies • Northern Arizona Council of Governments(NACOG), • Foundation for Senior Living • Tribal • ITCA- Dave Castillo, John Lewis, Alberta Tippeconnic • Cocopah, Yavapai Apache Nation, Havasupai Tribe, Pascua Yaqui, Ft Mojave Indian Tribe.

3. Presentation Outline • I. Background information • A.) Inter Tribal Council of Arizona • B.) Arizona Tribes • C.) Department of Energy Weatherization Assistance Program • II. ITCA approach to working with Tribes • III. ITCA Next Steps • IV. Recommendations • GOAL: Communicate ITCA learnings on dealing with Tribes and provide recommendations for similar programs

4. I.A) ITCA- Inter Tribal Council of Arizona • Established 1952 • On July 9, 1975, the council established a private, non-profit corporation, Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc. • Mission Statement: • The purpose of the ITCA is to provide the member tribes with the means for action on matters that affect them collectively and individually, to promote tribal sovereignty and to strengthen tribal governments. • http://www.itcaonline.com

5. 20 Tribes Tribal lands comprise 27% of AZ Land Base Industry- Gaming, Tourism, Agriculture Diversity of Tribal Lands I.B.) Arizona Tribes

6. AZ - Diversity of AZ Tribal Lands Havasupai Tribe

7. Havasupai Falls

8. AZ- Diversity of AZ Tribal Lands • Yavapai Prescott Indian Tribe

9. TRIBAL ELECTRIC UTILITIES IN ARIZONA Ak-Chin Utility Authority Aha-Macav Power Services Gila River Indian Community Utility Authority Navajo Tribal Utility Authority Tohono O’Odham Utility Authority

10. I. C.) Wx - Introduction to Weatherization What are we getting ourselves into?

11. Wx - Weatherization • 10 CFR 440 WEATHERIZATION ASSISTANCE FOR LOW-INCOME PERSONS • This part implements a weatherization assistance program to increase the energy efficiency of dwellings owned or occupied by low-income persons, reduce their total residential expenditures, and improve their health and safety, especially low-income persons who are particularly vulnerable such as the elderly, persons with disabilities, families with children, high residential energy users, and households with high energy burden • 10 CFR 600 Financial Assistance Rules

12. Wx - Weatherization Overview The Weatherization Assistance Program provides weatherization services free of charge to approximately 100,000 low-income households every year. Every county and Native American tribe in the country is included in this program. In operation since 1976, the Weatherization Assistance Program is the longest-lived and largest energy efficiency program in our nation's history and is one of the few government activities that saves more money than it costs. Weatherization provides energy efficiency services that are tailored to each house and are designed for maximum cost savings. Families receiving weatherization services see their annual energy bills reduced by an average of $200 to $250, depending on fuel prices. Because the energy retrofits that make up weatherization services are long lived, the savings add up over time to substantial benefits for weatherization clients and their communities, and the nation as a whole. Department of Energy, 2004

13. Wx- Administrative Requirements • Rules of Thumb • Install Cost Effective Materials/Measures • Use Approved Priority List for Climate Zone • Energy Audits Guide or Confirm Need for Installed Materials/Measures • In general an energy audit consists of the following tests/procedures … • Combustion Safety • Pressure Diagnostics • Blower Door Testing • Department of Energy Regulations • 10 CFR 440 • Online Assistance- www.waptac.org • Reporting Forms • Administrative (demographics, qualification) • Technical (diagnostic, testing, house info)

14. Wx- Pressure Diagnostics & Blower Door Testing Testing the Integrity of the House as a System & Building EnvelopeAir Barrier (AB) + Insulation = The Thermal Boundary(AB = Any airtight material sealed at joints) Uninsulated Area Thermal Boundary Insulated Area Thermal Boundary AKA – The Building Shell or The Building Envelope

15. Wx- Ex: Testing Also Helps Identify Amount of Infiltration Door closure can cause part of the home to be at a positive pressure and part at a negative pressure Increased infiltration Increased exfiltration Negative pressure Positive pressure

16. Weatherization work based on climate zone Priority list contains work which is known to be cost effective Map here Wx- Climate Zones

17. CLIMATE ZONE 6 - Yuma, Parker, Bull Head City The priority list can be used to determine cost effective weatherization materials/measures for homes located in Climate Zone 6. The priority list is comprised of three housing types with a listing of cost effective upgrades. Housing Type One: Homes with Refrigeration Cooling (AC or Heat Pump) • Existing ceiling insulation of R-19 or less upgraded to R-30. • Un-insulated frame walls upgraded with blown insulation. • Pressure diagnostics and repair following the pressure diagnostic procedure established by the WAP program. • Air Conditioners twenty years old or older upgraded with a minimum 12 SEER unit. • Shade screens on all sun struck south, east and west windows and glass doors. • Water heater wrap (where allowed). Housing Type Two: Homes with Evaporative Cooling Only and Electric Resistance Heating • Existing ceiling insulation of R-11 or less upgraded to R-30. • Pressure diagnostics and repair following the pressure diagnostic procedure established by the WAP program. • Upgrade of evaporative cooler motor with higher efficiency two-speed motor. • Water heater wrap (where allowed). Housing Type Three: Homes with Evaporative Cooling Only and Gas Heating • Existing ceiling insulation of R-11 or less upgraded to R-19. ….etc Priority list by Climate Zone

18. Case Studies- Links to Backup • Example case study

19. Weatherization also… • Addresses Health & Safety Issues • Potential Leaks & Backdrafting

20. Weatherization also… • Energy Education • Operation & Maintenance Practice Clean Coils Annually

21. Weatherization also… Weatherization repairs vary by region…

22. Weatherization also… Generally allowable cost effective measures Infiltration Repairs & Duct sealing…

23. Goals Weatherize tribal homes Develop tribal skills, Wx infrastructure, expertise Sustainability II. Wx – ITCA Weatherization Overview The purpose of the ITCA Weatherization Assistance Program is to provide weatherization services to low-income tribal members living on tribal lands in Arizona and through this activity establish a model tribal weatherization program that demonstrates weatherization and other rehabilitation priorities as well as funding need. This information will then be used to obtain additional funding through the Department of Energy and other funding sources for tribal housing programs in Arizona and throughout the nation. ITCA Inc., 2000

24. ITCA Implementation Procedure • Establish Memorandum of Agreement between ITCA and Tribal entity • Administrative file-Qualification, demographics • Technical File- Housing information, diagnostics • Train tribal crew through Local/Regional agencies • Audits and production carried out by tribe or Local/Regional agencies • Reimbursement • Reports (quarterly and annual)

25. ITCA Weatherization Overview • Successes • >100 homes weatherized since 1999 • Tribal housing crews increase weatherization technical knowledge • National acknowledgement that tribal weatherization requires additional funding • Lessons Learned – What works? • Minimal Funding Requires Leveraging Funds • Partnerships are ESSENTIAL • What Difficulties are encountered?

26. Dealing with Tribes- Observations • One size does not fit all • Advantages of established Wx programs don’t apply • No Infrastructure • No expertise • Administration varies from tribe to tribe • Wx may be administered through Tribal Housing, Energy Office, Tribal Utility, or Tribal Council. • Wx can be affected by • Program transfers from one office to another • Turnover (Normal turnover, Elections, etc)

27. Dealing with Tribes- Observations • Administration restrictions (10%) are challenging for smaller grantees. • Are the potential grant dollars significant enough to justify effort? • What kind of leveraging/collaborative opportunities are out there within the tribal context? • Are there non-monetary considerations that warrant an increased effort to obtain direct funding by the tribes or tribal organizations?

28. Observations- Poor Housing Stock • Difficult to accomplish true weatherization within $2700 per house budget • Walk-aways • Leveraging needed • LITHC, NAHASDA

29. Dealing with Tribes-Observations • Building trust is key • Elders suspicious of program and signing forms: • “I won’t have to move out will I?” • Those most in need are those most difficult to serve • Non-resident tribal member encountering difficulties that resident member may not

30. What works? Leveraging Resources Leveraging Resources=Finding $ to Better Meet Your Tribe’s Needs

31. What works? …Partnerships! • Establish partnerships • For example: Energy OutWest is an independent organization devoted to the advancement of science in the weatherization technologies. • Representatives from Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, the Navajo Nation, and the Intertribal Council of Arizona • EOW: Provides expertise and infrastructure- • don’t have to reinvent the wheel- it’s all been done before.

32. EOW Tribal Roundtable (4/06) • Challenges to tribal weatherization: • Distance/isolation of tribal communities • Outreach needed, no clear mandate from Utilities to work with tribes • Perceptions and misinterpretations • Adequate training on program regulations • Seemingly unlimited needs & limited resources • Retaining information when not used regularly

33. Tribal Roundtable: 4 players on Tribal Weatherization team • Federal • Partnerships • National & Regional Organizations • Training and Technical Assistance • Local and State Agencies • Funding & Training and Technical Assistance • Production • Tribes • Sustainability and program implementation

34. III. Next Steps • Continue to build on existing Partnerships and create new Partnerships • Focus on securing additional funding to make program more comprehensive, flexible. • HHS LIHEAP • Indian Community Development Block Grant • Utilities- Arizona Public Service funding FY06-07. • Provides for Bill assistance, general home repairs • Increased dollars/house • On Tribal side • Varies from Tribe to Tribe – ex: NAHASDA, Tax Housing Credit • Identify & develop a model tribal weatherization program

35. IV. Recommendations:What’s needed to initiate a tribal weatherization program? • Identify a tribal weatherization champion • Housing, Utility, Energy, or Council. • Buy-in from Tribal partners- MOA. • Peer to peer mentoring • Establishing relationships with state and local agencies & officials to get the work done

36. IV. Recommendations for Sustainability of tribal weatherization • Trained Tribal WAP workforce which retains skills • Fee for service? • Other ideas? • Active participation in greater weatherization community • Utilize State/local/regional resources • “Model” Tribal WAP programs to assist developing programs • Ex: Alaska Community Development Corporation WAP since late 90’s assisting ITCA.

37. Before and After Before After

38. BACKUP

39. Example: How well is this house performing in terms of energy efficiency?

40. To Check We Use Specialized Equipment White is hotter 96.6° Dark is cooler 86.6°

41. This Insulation Is Not WorkingStud, at R-4 is insulating better than the R-30 batt Stud Batt

42. It’s insulated but…

43. Insulation has fallen from the wall.

44. Using Federal Weatherization Funds This Home Was Reinsulated Before insulation After insulation

45. Impact of room pressure(door closure) Increased infiltration, hot air coming in the can lights. Fixture (light out) 81.4 °. Fixture (light out) 87.9° Fixture (light out) 87.9° Ceiling 77.7° Ceiling 77.7 °. Ceiling 75.8 °. Fixture (light out) 85.5°. Fixture (light out) 82.3°. Fixture (light out) 85.5° We recommended to install return paths in all homes