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vestibular system

Physiology of Vestibular System

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vestibular system

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  1. Vestibular system

  2. Vestibular system • There are five vestibular receptor organs in the inner ear: • The utricle • The saccule and • Three ampulla of semicircular canals.

  3. Bony labyrinth • All components of vestibular apparatus contains endolymph ad are surrounded by perilymph

  4. Vestibular apparatus contains hair cells • The ampulla of the canals, the utricle and saccule have receptors that respond to movement • Hair cells in receptors

  5. Equilibrium • Equilibrium is the sense of body orientation and motion

  6. Types of Equilibrium • Static • Linear • Utricle and Saccule • Dynamic • Angular • Semicircular canals

  7. Semicircular canals • Each canal lies perpendicular to each other • At the point where they meet, the canal is expanded to form the ampulla

  8. Anterior semicircular canal

  9. Posterior vestibular canal

  10. Lateral vestibular canal

  11. Vestibule

  12. Semicircular canals- detect rotational acceleration

  13. Hair cells in ampulla are embedded in cupula- gelatinous layer

  14. Stereocilia and kinocilium

  15. Depolarization in direction of kinocilium • Hyperpolarization in direction opposite to kinocilium

  16. Cupula bends opposite to head rotation

  17. Movement of head on left side • Movement of fluid opposite to head direction i.e right

  18. Fluid movement cause cupula or hair cells to bend • Stimulating one side (same) • Inhibiting other side (contralateral)

  19. If head continues to move • Fluid catches up and move in direction of head

  20. If head movement stops • Movement of fluid reverse situation occurs

  21. Only detects changes in rate of rotational movement • Do not respond when head is motionless or moving in circle at constant speed

  22. Utricle and saccule • The utricle and the saccule, are housed within two cavities in the vestibule. • Utricle oval shaped adjacent to semicircular canals • Saccule towards cochlea

  23. Saccule lie perpendicular to utricle

  24. Utricle and saccule-detect linear acceleration

  25. Hair cells in utricle is arranged vertically • Hair cells in saccule arranged horizontally

  26. The utricle cells with beat in forward/backward and saccule in Up/down direction

  27. Utricle detects forward/backward movement

  28. Saccule detects up/down movement

  29. Head movement • Utricle hair cells tilt in direction of head tilt due to gravitational force exerted on gelatinous layer

  30. Body movement • Utricle hair cells displaced by change in horizontal linear movement i.e backward forward or side ways • This person moving forward • Hair cells moving backward

  31. When person continues to walk hair cells bend no longer • When person stops hair cell bend in forward direction

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