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Hermeneutics. Bertram C. Bruce U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. History of hermeneutics. Dilthey, 1914 (in Howard, pp. 15-17) Habermas: interests Husserl Heidegger Hirsch: meaning (one) v significances (vary) experience => breaking down of old ways of seeing –John Berger
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Hermeneutics Bertram C. Bruce U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
History of hermeneutics • Dilthey, 1914 (in Howard, pp. 15-17) • Habermas: interests • Husserl • Heidegger • Hirsch: meaning (one) v significances (vary) • experience => breaking down of old ways of seeing –John Berger • participating in language,history, world –Palmer
Explanation v Understanding No Yes No Yes
Dilthey, 1914 Nature we explain, the life of the soul we understand. Erlebnis–a lived experience fits into patterns of significance we already entertain about our own lives; connectedness that life reveals quite different sides to us according to the point of view from which we consider its course in time is due to the nature of both understanding and life. –1961 part-whole-part –in Howard, pp. 15-17
Husserl • things-in-themselves v things intended • eidetic abstraction
Heidegger • Dasein (irreducible givenness of human existence) • anti-dualism of subject/object • Dreyfus: Nazism • broken hammer is more a hammer • our situation (horizon) has its own past & future
Gadamer • Fusing of horizons (Tillich: love as overcoming of separation) • All understanding is hermeneutic • Dialogue between past & present • Historical conditionedness
Meaning through Production Not occasionally only, but always, the meaning of a text goes beyond its author. That is why understanding is not merely a reproductive, but always a productive attitude as well. –H. Gadamer, Truth & Method
Communication is Educative Not only is social life identical with communication, but all communication (and hence all genuine social life) is educative. To be a recipient of a communication is to have an enlarged and changed experience. One shares in what another has thought and felt and in so far, meagerly or amply, has his own attitude modified. Nor is the one who communicates left unaffected. –J. Dewey, Democracy & Education, pp 5-6
Wirkungsgeschichte-liches Bewußtsein (effective-historical consciousness) => fusing of horizons Even when we ourselves, as historically enlightened thinkers, are fundamentally clear about the historical conditionedness of all human thinking and hence about our own conditionedness, we have not ourselves taken an unconditioned stand... The consciousness of the conditionedness does not in any way negate this conditionedness. –Truth & Method, p. 424
The hermeneutic circle: • No presuppositionless understanding • No end point to understanding • Part <-> Whole (cf. Dewey: facts <-> meaning) • Intentionality throughout