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KEY CONCEPT Cell cycle regulation is necessary for healthy growth.

KEY CONCEPT Cell cycle regulation is necessary for healthy growth. Internal and external factors regulate cell division. External factors include physical and chemical signals. Cell to cell contact

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KEY CONCEPT Cell cycle regulation is necessary for healthy growth.

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  1. KEY CONCEPTCell cycle regulation is necessary for healthy growth.

  2. Internal and external factors regulate cell division. • External factors include physical and chemical signals. • Cell to cell contact • Most mammal cells form a single layer in a culture dish and stop dividing once they touch other cells. • Growth factors are proteins that stimulate cell division.

  3. Two of the most important internal factors are kinases and cyclins. • External factors trigger internal factors, which affect the cell cycle.

  4. webbed fingers • Apoptosis is programmed cell death. • a normal feature of healthy organisms • caused by a cell’s production of self-destructive enzymes • occurs indevelopmentof infants • Tadpoles to frogs: lose their tail

  5. normal cell cancer cell bloodstream Cell division is uncontrolled in cancer. • Cancer cells form disorganized clumps called tumors. • Benign tumors remain clustered and can be removed. • Generally considered non-cancerous • Malignant tumors metastasize, or break away, and can form more tumors.

  6. Cancer cells do not carry out necessary functions. • Cancer cells come from normal cells with damage to genes involved in cell-cycle regulation. • Don’t stick together to make tissues.

  7. Carcinogens are substances known to promote cancer. • Examples: tobacco (smoking/dipping), chemicals, UV light, HPV • Standard cancer treatments typically kill both cancerous and healthy cells.

  8. Mouth cancer – probably due to snuff

  9. HeLa cancer cells • Named for Henrietta Lacks • She was a very poor black lady from the south in the 1940s and who died from cervical cancer in 1951 • Because she was poor, uneducated, and black, she received almost no treatment for her cancer. (Which probably would have been fatal at that time anyway.) • Her cancer cells were taken from the biopsy and found to be able to grow indefinitely in labs, thus they were called “immortal.” • Researchers made millions of dollars from her cells, but her family received nothing.

  10. Henrietta Lacks 1920-1951 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y38pgPY6Zq0

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