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Mission Aircrew Course Chapter 14: Crew Resources Management (Feb 2005)

Mission Aircrew Course Chapter 14: Crew Resources Management (Feb 2005). Aircrew Tasks. P-2028 DISCUSS CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (S, P). Objectives. Discuss the fundamentals of Crew Resource Management (CRM) Discuss failures and error chain. {O; 14.2} Discuss situational awareness. {O; 14.3}

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Mission Aircrew Course Chapter 14: Crew Resources Management (Feb 2005)

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  1. Mission Aircrew CourseChapter 14: Crew Resources Management(Feb 2005)

  2. Aircrew Tasks • P-2028 DISCUSS CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (S, P)

  3. Objectives • Discuss the fundamentals of Crew Resource Management (CRM) • Discuss failures and error chain. {O; 14.2} • Discuss situational awareness. {O; 14.3} • Discuss how to regain SA once lost. {14.4} • Describe barriers to communications. {O; 14.5} • Define/discuss task saturation. {O; 14.6} • Discuss assignments and coordination of duties. {O; 14.8}

  4. Why CRM? • Properly trained aircrew members can collectively perform complex tasks better and make more accurate decisions than the single best performer on the team • An untrained team's overall performance can be significantly worse than the performance of its weakest single member • We will cover behavior and attitudes of teamwork and communication among team members

  5. Why CRM? • CAP19961997199819992000 • Aircraft accidents 9 5 6 3 1 • Per 100,000 hours 7.79 4.16 4.76 2.34 0.94 • A/C flight incidents 28 27 19 12 16 • A/C ground incidents 7 8 3 6 8 • Fatalities 7 2 3 2 0

  6. Why CRM? • MISHAP199819992000 • Taxi 9 4 9 • Ground 4 6 3 • Landing 8 8 10 • Other 4 3 2

  7. Failures • Parts and equipment. • Mechanical failures • People. • Human failures

  8. The Error Chain • A series of event links that, when considered together, cause a mishap • Should anyone of the links be “broken,” then the mishap probably will not occur • It is up to each crewmember to recognize a link and break the error chain

  9. Situational Awareness (SA) • Know what is going on around you at all times • Requires: • Good mental health • Good physical health • Attentiveness • Inquisitiveness

  10. Loss of SA • Strength of an Idea • Hidden agenda • Complacency • Accommodation • Sudden Loss of Judgement

  11. Symptoms of Loss of SA • Fixation • Ambiguity • Complacency • Euphoria • Confusion • Distraction • Overload

  12. Hazardous Attitudes • Anti-authority • Impulsiveness • Invulnerability • Macho • Resignation • Get There It-us

  13. Regaining SA • Reduce workload: Suspend the mission. • Reduce threats: • Get away from the ground and other obstacles (e.g., climb to a safe altitude). • Establish a stable flight profile where you can safely analyze the situation. • Remember: “Aviate, Navigate, Communicate”

  14. How do we get it back? • Trust your gut feelings • “Time Out,” “Abort,” or “This is Stupid.” • Pilot establishes aircraft in a safe and stable configuration, and then discuss the problem • Sterile Cockpit • Limit talk to the minimum necessary for safety. • Taxi, takeoff, departure, low-level flying, approach, landing

  15. QUESTIONS?

  16. Barriers to Communication • Hearing • The biological function of receiving sounds, converting them to electrical impulses, and having the brain interpret them • Listening • Correctly identifying what the sender has sent in their message

  17. Barriers to Communication • Distracters • Physical/Mental: Noise, static, simultaneous transmissions; fatigue and stress • Wording: Incomplete or ambiguous message, too complex or uses unfamiliar terminology • Personal: Boring, lack of rapport or lack of credibility

  18. Task Saturation • Too much information at one time • Too many tasks to accomplish in a given time • Usually occurs when an individual is confronted with a new or unexpected situation and loses SA

  19. Task Saturation • Keep your workload to an acceptable level • If you feel overwhelmed, tell the others before becoming saturated and losing you situational awareness • Watch your team members for signs of saturation

  20. Identification of Resources • External and internal • Identify your resources, know where to find them, and how to use them to accomplish the mission

  21. Assignment of Duties • CAPR 60-3 • Flight-related -- aircraft commander • Mission-related -- mission commander

  22. Crew Coordination • Understand and execute your assignments • Communicate • Question

  23. Summary • Pay close attention to all briefings • Understand the “big picture” • Watch for task overload in yourself and other crewmembers • 67% of air transport accidents occur during 17% of the flight time - taxi, takeoff, departure, approach and landing. Keep casual conversation and distractions to a minimum during these phases of flight. • Begin critical communications with instructions, then explain

  24. Summary • Successful missions hinge on each and every crewmember • Learn how to use the procedures and tools available to you, and use them correctly • Never stop learning • Don’t be afraid to ask questions • Never criticize someone for asking questions • Anyone can call “Time Out,” “Abort,” or “This is Stupid” • Remember that the Mission Pilot must make the final decision based on the crew’s input.

  25. Questions?

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