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Wireless In Education

2. Wireless Is Changing Travel. Boeing Installing wireless networks on airplanes for passenger use during flights70 US Airports Provide wireless Internet access in lounge

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Wireless In Education

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    1. 1 Wireless In Education Mark Ciampa Western Kentucky University

    2. 2 Wireless Is Changing Travel Boeing – Installing wireless networks on airplanes for passenger use during flights 70+ US Airports – Provide wireless Internet access in lounge & waiting areas Marriott, Four Seasons, Wyndham Hotels, Motel 6 – Provide lobby, check in, meeting room, public area access Trains – Montreal to Toronto route

    3. 3 Wireless Is Changing Work Business conference rooms - Access to data during meetings gives 100+ minutes daily Radio Frequency ID – Transponders used as barcode alternatives Video Pill – Wireless camera in capsule for endoscopy used at 268 US hospitals e-Suds – Students check for empty washer, add softener, receive e-mail when finished

    4. 4 Wireless Is Changing Recreation Starbucks, Borders, McDonald’s, Schlotzky’s – Wireless networks for customers 3Com Stadium – Access statistics, view instant replays, order concessions Golf US Open – Walking scorers submitted immediate results KOA – Provides wireless access Linksys – Stream pictures & MP3 to TV/stereo Roam with cameraRoam with camera

    5. 5 Public Hotspots

    6. 6 2007 155M units sold annually (2002-22.5M, 2003-41.3M) with revenue $700M 98% all notebooks wireless (2003-42%) 31M frequent and 35M infrequent hotspot users with revenue $9B 25,000 hotels wireless access

    7. 7 Wireless Is Changing All Sectors Finance – Receive stock quotes realtime Health Care – Hospitals comply 2006 FDA regulation drug dispersal Manufacturing – Forklifts send & receive data (saved 1 plant $1M annually) Retail – Radio Frequency ID Transportation – Communicate drivers

    8. 8 Wireless Is Changing All Sectors Logistics – FedEx handles 3.5M packages daily, wireless handhelds save 10 seconds each stop Government – Police send and receive data to patrol cars Military – Send repair information Construction – Supervisors see number workers on project, instant costing

    9. 9 Wireless Is Changing Campuses Massachusetts Task Force – Wireless technology on all campuses Wake Forest – Wireless adapter included in tuition Michigan – Wireless on all high school campuses University of Tennessee – Wireless campus (1,500 access points)

    10. 10 Wireless Is Changing Education Changing when and where students access data Changing how students learn Changing how teach students in wireless setting Changing what teach students

    11. 11 Wireless In Education Define “wireless” Explain how it works Types of wireless networks How impacts education

    12. 12 Outcome Statements List 2 wireless technologies Explain what an access point does List 3 basic wireless security tools Tell how wireless impacts higher education

    13. 13 What Wireless Is and How It Works

    14. 14 “Wireless” Generically used of any device without wires More precisely 2-way data transmission without wires

    15. Wireless Devices

    16. 16 Wireless Technologies Infrared (IR) Radio frequency (RF)

    17. 17 Infrared (IR) Uses infrared light (similar characteristics visible light) Objects can obstruct transmission Limited distance Line of sight transmission

    18. 18 Line of Sight

    19. 19 Radio Frequency (RF) Uses radio waves (similar to commercial radio) Unlicensed spectrum Radio waves travel long distances with less obstruction Provides true mobility

    20. 20 Radio Waves

    21. 21 Types of Wireless Networks

    22. 22 Scope

    23. 23 Wireless Personal Area Networks

    24. 24 Wireless Personal Area Networks 1-to-1 or small group transmissions Limited distance

    25. 25 IrDA Wireless data connection using infrared light Found on notebook computers, printers, digital cameras, PDAs Functions like serial port Range 3 feet Bandwidth 115 Kbps - 16 Mbps PC to PC IrDA with large filePC to PC IrDA with large file

    26. 26 IrDA Limitations Limited range Must align devices Objects can obstruct transmission Moderate speed Only between 2 devices

    27. 27 Bluetooth Uses RF instead of IR Radio transceivers built into microprocessor Automatically creates piconet when devices come in range each other Range 30 feet Bandwidth 1 Mbps

    28. 28 Radio Frequency ID (RFID) Unpowered microchips transmit data using RF Active, semi-passive, or passive Read-only or read-write Wal-Mart, McCarran Airport, US Dept Defense, Michelin

    29. 29 RFID Size

    30. 30 Wireless Wide Area Networks

    31. 31 Wide Area Network Fixed baseband wireless – last mile connection alternative to DSL, cable modem or ISDN Fixed broadband wireless – long distance connection alternative to T1 or fiber optic connection

    32. 32 Wide Area Network Examples Digital Cellular Telephony Free Space Optics Local/Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service WiMax (802.16)

    33. 33 Wireless Local Area Networks

    34. 34 Wireless LANs Same function of standard LAN but without wires Based on IEEE standards Also called “Wi-Fi” Range 150-375 feet Bandwidth 11-108 Mbps

    35. 35 Components of WLAN Wireless NIC Access Point (AP) Integrated software support in Windows XP & Windows Mobile 2003

    36. 36 WLAN Modes Peer-to-peer/Ad hoc Infrastructure

    37. 37 Peer-to-Peer Creates “private network” No connection to other networks Only requires wireless NIC

    38. 38 Infrastructure Creates “public network” Connects to other networks Requires wireless NIC and AP

    39. 39 Infrastructure Cert Display: Notebook then PDA Browse AP via IE ACU Link Status Meter Change to ad hoc: View | Advanced | Advanced | Ad-Hoc then roamCert Display: Notebook then PDA Browse AP via IE ACU Link Status Meter Change to ad hoc: View | Advanced | Advanced | Ad-Hoc then roam

    40. 40 Wireless LAN Cells Create “cells” of coverage similar to cellular telephones Cells overlap to provide automatic roaming

    41. 41 Wireless LAN Cells

    42. 42 IEEE WLAN Standards 802.11 (1997) – 2 Mbps 802.11b (1999) – 11 Mbps 802.11a (2001) – 54 Mbps 802.11g (2003) – 24 Mbps

    43. 43 802.11b 11 Mbps DSSS 3 non-overlapping channels 2.4 GHz Range 375 feet

    44. 44 802.11a 54 Mbps (108 Mbps proprietary) OFDM 8 non-overlapping channels 5 GHz Range 150 feet

    45. 45 802.11g 22 Mbps (54 Mbps proprietary) OFDM 3 non-overlapping channels 2.4 GHz Range 200 feet Double-check rangeDouble-check range

    46. 46 Comparison 802.11b – Wider area but slower speed 802.11a – Faster speed but smaller area 802.11g – Good balance of area and speed Double-check rangeDouble-check range

    47. 47 Recent Developments Dual band AP and wireless NICs Wireless access port – dumb AP connected to wireless switch Wireless bridge – makes any device with standard NIC wireless (Xbox) Device “hop” through other WLAN devices to reach AP

    48. 48 Recent Developments Intel Centrino - Pentium-M mobile processor with 802.11b miniPCI wireless NIC VoIP on WLAN

    49. 49 Home Wireless Connect all home computer equipment without cables Share broadband Internet connection Combination AP, router, network address translation and firewall Microsoft selling hardware 2003 Cisco purchased Linksys $500M

    50. 50 WLAN Security

    51. 51 Unique Challenges Unauthorized users intercept signal and use network Hackers view transmitted data Employees install rogue access points

    52. 52 Security Levels Basic Security Intermediate Security Advanced Security

    53. 53 Basic Security Active scanning SSID MAC address filtering WEP encryption & authentication

    54. 54 Association Association – Establishes link between wireless devices and AP Based on Service Set Identifier (SSID) – network name all devices use SSID serves as “network password” SSID can be sent by AP or manually installed on each wireless device

    55. 55 Active Scanning SSID manually installed on each wireless device in advance Device sends SSID to AP “Here’s the SSID, let me in!”

    56. 56 Passive Scanning AP freely sends SSID to all devices Device listens for SSID “Will you give me the SSID to join this wireless network?”

    57. 57 Active Scanning SSID AP should be set for active scanning Default on most systems is passive scanning BUT: May limit roaming

    58. 58 MAC Address Filter MAC address of each authorized device is manually entered into AP Also called “Access Control List” Only devices on AP list are permitted association BUT: MAC address can be spoofed

    59. 59 WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) – Data encrypted with up to 4 shared keys Provides both encryption and authentication BUT: Flaws in WEP and can be broken by “sniffing” packets

    60. 60 Intermediate Security Deploy outside firewall Use virtual private network (VPN) solution Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) – software & firmware upgrade

    61. 61 WPA Encryption Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 2 keys Per-packet basis

    62. 62 WPA Access Control Uses 802.1x Port-based authentication Traffic blocked until client authenticated by back-end server Optional Pre-Sharked Key (PSK)

    63. 63 Advanced Security 802.11i – New IEEE security standard Uses advanced AES block cipher encryption Due released early 2004

    64. 64 Wireless Technology In Education

    65. 65 Wireless Technology in Education Kindergarten – 12 Higher education Libraries Curriculum

    66. 66 K-12 Uses Computers-on-wheels (COWs) Extend network with minimal costs Use with outdoor projects Administrators in hallways determine where student should be Bus drivers record who boarded

    67. 67 K-12 Pedagogy Used to deliver curriculum in classroom Better supports “constructing” knowledge from experience, interpretation, structured interactions with peers and teachers Teachers direct students in project-oriented activities vs. lecturing (“Individualized active learning”) Helps students apply critical thinking skills

    68. 68 K-12 Pedagogy “K-12 learning proceeds most rapidly when learners have frequent opportunities to apply ideas they are learning and when feedback on success or failure of an idea comes almost immediately”

    69. 69 Higher Education Uses Provide access outside computer lab: classroom, dining hall, quad, dorms Create coverage where wiring prohibited because building design, asbestos, portable classrooms Mobile VoIP telephones in classrooms

    70. 70 Higher Education Uses Create wireless networked labs in regular classrooms Make temporary networked classroom Faculty can bring in own notebook computer and instantly be connected Reduces number of open access computer labs Planet3 & CompTIA WLAN certifications

    71. 71 Higher Education Uses Make latest research data immediately available during experiments for comparison Increase student computer use across disciplines

    72. 72 Higher Education Pedagogy Used to extend class time Allows studying to take place outside traditional learning areas Students communicate and research topics outside class while devoting class time to discussion and analysis

    73. 73 Wireless In Education “When each student got their own pencil, teaching changed. When each student got their own book, teaching changed. When each student has a wireless notebook, teaching will change again!”

    74. 74 Library Uses Provide access in the stacks: perform catalog search without returning to catalog computer Determine status of a book Used with RFID for inventory

    75. 75 Curriculum Ubiquity of wireless requires part of curriculum Student interest based on 25% homes with computers have multiple computers and networks Need instruction on wireless deployment and security

    76. 76 Curriculum Several schools now adding “Wireless Networking” course or track Some schools adding wireless coverage to traditional networking course

    77. 77 Outcome Statements List 2 wireless technologies Explain what an access point does List 3 basic wireless security tools Tell how wireless impacts higher education

    78. 78 Wireless In Education Mark Ciampa Western Kentucky University mark.ciampa@wku.edu

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