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Positive Parenting

Positive Parenting. Merawat Jiwa Anak Dr Jalaluddin Rachmat. Bi-directional Effects . Refers to the reciprocal effects of the child on the parent and the parent on the child. Must remember that every child is different – temperament, stress tolerance, capacity to learn, interests.

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Positive Parenting

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  1. Positive Parenting Merawat Jiwa Anak Dr Jalaluddin Rachmat

  2. Bi-directional Effects • Refers to the reciprocal effects of the child on the parent and the parent on the child. • Must remember that every child is different – temperament, stress tolerance, capacity to learn, interests

  3. Parenting Styles (Baumrind) • Otoriter • Permisif • Menolak • Otoritatif

  4. high control Authoritative Authoritarian high love low love Permissive Rejecting low control

  5. Otoriter • Menetapkan aturan dan ekspektasi yang ketat dan melaksanakannya secara ketat pula • Menuntut dan mengharapkan ketaatan. • Kontrol ortu sangat penting.

  6. Otoriter • Low love • High rules • Anak-anak • Perasa (temperamental), tak bahagia, seringkali tak bersahabat • rentan stres

  7. Permisif • Mendahulukan kesukaan anak-anak (AAS – asal anak senang) • Jarak memaksa anak untuk mematuhi peraturan • Kebebasan berpendapat dan otonomi dihargai

  8. Permisif • High love • Low rules • Anak-anak • impulsif-aggresif • Pember (ontak • Berusaha menguasai (domineering) and berprestasi rendah (low achievers)

  9. Menolak • Tidak memperhatikan kebutuhan anak • Jarang punya ekspektasi bagaimana seharusnya anak berperilaku

  10. Menolak • Low love • Low rules • Anak-anak • Punya masalah psikologis • Lambat dewasa

  11. Otoritatif • Gaya demokratis • Menetapkan aturan yang jelas dan membicarakan dengan anak-anak. Kontrol dilakukan dalam hubungannya dengan dukungan (support). • Memperhatikan perasaan dan kemampuan anak. • Mengakui perspektif anak tetapi menjalankan standar ortu. • Mendorong perkembangan otonomi anak sampai batas-batas yang wajar. • Bersandar terutama sekali pada peneguhan positif

  12. Otoritatif • High love • High rules • Anak-anak • Sangat percaya diri and ceria • Sanggup mengatasi stres • achievement oriented (berorientasi pada prestasi)

  13. Tak Peduli (Cuek) • Tidak peduli pada apa pun Yang dilakukan anak dan membiarkan mereka berbuat apa pun selama tidak mengganggu kegiatan ortu

  14. Main things a child needs • love • rules/boundaries/someone to tell them no • clear expectations • consistence in discipline

  15. Influencing children’s behavior: 1. Respect • Mutual respect between children and parents must be fostered for growth and change to occur. • Balance of kindness and firmness. • Modeling is important.

  16. 2. Consistency & Clarity • Children become confused without consistency. • A united front in the parental system • Must follow through with consequences (promises and threats) • Clarity – a child needs to know the rules and the consequences for breaking them

  17. 3. Logical Consequences • Try to devise consequences that are appropriate to the child’s misbehavior • Logical consequences vs. punishment 3 “R’s” 1. Related to the problem behavior 2. Respectful – no humiliation 3. Reasonable – designed to teach, not to induce suffering.

  18. 4. No Physical Punishment • Negative long-term effects (anger, resentment, fear) • Behavior modification works effectively without the risk of long term consequences.

  19. 5. Behavior Modification Reinforcement/Punishment Reinforcer – increase the likelihood that the behavior will occur again. positive – something implemented negative – something aversive removed Punishment – decrease the likelihood that the behavior will occur again. positive – something aversive implemented negative – something desirous removed

  20. Timeouts - one minute for each year of child. - may be a positive or negative punishment.

  21. Provide Praise Children depend on their parents for the development of their self-concept. Catch the child doing good and reinforce it.

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