Professional Poster Presentations

1. Professional Poster Presentations Elizabeth Victor Program Assistant Office for Research Support College of Nursing University of Florida

2. Types of Presentations • Presentation of proposedresearch • Typically have more info regarding entire methods sections • Presentation of ongoing or completed research • Typically want to present more info regarding results and conclusions

3. Poster Format: Section Headings • Purpose • Specific Aims • Review of Literature or Background & Significance • Methodology • Results • Conclusions  

4. Purpose • State the goal or purpose of the study/proposal • Example: “The purpose of this study is to examine the role that gene expression of BRCA1 plays in development of breast cancer.”

5. Specific Aims • More detailed statements of the aims of the study • Example: “To quantify differences in gene expression of the BRCA1 gene between women with and without breast cancer”. • Hypothesis: “There will be no difference in gene expression of the BRCA1 gene between women with and without breast cancer.”

6. Background & Significance • Background:Information on what is known about the problem and the relevance of the problem to particular population • This includes review of literature, preliminary studies, and full scale research studies • Example: Some women diagnosed with breast cancer have BRCA1 gene. • Significance: Who will the research affect, and why is it important to the population or profession?

7. Methodology • Design • Correlation, descriptive, quasi-experimental, & experimental • Sample & Setting • Inclusion & Exclusion criteria • Sampling plan, population demographics, and research site • Instruments • Instruments used to measure research outcomes • Procedures • Detailed instructions on how study will be implemented, and analyzed

8. Results • Data Analysis • Statistics: How data will be analyzed statistically • Findings/Charts • What your statistics concluded, and the outcomes of the study. • Make sure you list your p-values and confidence intervals. • Charts should be simple, easy to read, and have large enough font.

9. Conclusions • Summary of conclusions • Broad statements about the overall results of the study: Did you meet your specific aims? • Relevance to nursing (research, practice, academia) • Limitations: Possible weaknesses of the study, methodological problems, recruitment issues, etc • Use limitations to make few statements to make recommendations

10. General Recommendations • Use light-colored backgrounds and bright accents. • Font is important: • No smaller than 18; general headings should be around 24. Use bold, underline, italicize to split up sections or emphasize points. • If giving oral presentation, want no less than size 28-30 font. • Graphs/charts: use bold colors for most important graphs/charts

11. General Recommendations • Standard Poster • Need a disc or CD, and a backup. • Transport slide in a waterproof folder, and use a cardboard tube for title board. • Large Poster • Highly recommended bringing a R or RW CD. • Transport in a large cardboard tube.

12. How To Make a Good Poster Great • Readability • Flow • Bullets • Brevity • Consistency • Colors • Font Size & Type • Attractiveness • Pictures • Graphs

13. Example #1

14. WHEN BAD THINGS HAPPEN TO OLDER PERSONSTHE ROLE OF INTERVENING EVENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISABILTY Thomas M Gill MD, Heather Allore PhD, Theodore R Holford PhD, Zhenchao Guo PhD Yale University School of Medicine RESULTS BACKGROUND A more complete understanding of the disabling process would likely facilitate the development of interventions aimed at preventing disability among community-living older persons OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between intervening events and the development of disability To determine whether this relationship is modified by the presence of physical frailty. METHODS • Prospective study of 754 nondisabled, community-living persons, aged 70+ years • Categorized participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of physical frailty, which was defined on the basis of slow gait speed • Followed participants with monthly telephone interviews for up to 5 years • to determine the occurrence of disability • to ascertain exposure to intervening events, which included illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity. Conclusions Illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity represent important sources of disability for community-living older persons, regardless of the presence of physical frailty. These intervening events may be suitable targets for the prevention of disability.

15. Improving Example #1 • Involve pictures • Make sure pictures/graphs are relevant • Make sure to cite information at the bottom of the graph or include in a “reference” section • Make sure graph is legible

16. More Suggestions • Changing the layout • Change is a good thing • As long as it: • Does not change the flow • Does not change the consistency

17. More Suggestions • Add “a touch” of color • Just enough to draw the eye • Moderation is key • No stringent lines, only suggestive ones

18. Let’s Review Example #1

19. WHEN BAD THINGS HAPPEN TO OLDER PERSONSTHE ROLE OF INTERVENING EVENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISABILTY Thomas M Gill MD, Heather Allore PhD, Theodore R Holford PhD, Zhenchao Guo PhD Yale University School of Medicine RESULTS BACKGROUND A more complete understanding of the disabling process would likely facilitate the development of interventions aimed at preventing disability among community-living older persons OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between intervening events and the development of disability To determine whether this relationship is modified by the presence of physical frailty. METHODS • Prospective study of 754 nondisabled, community-living persons, aged 70+ years • Categorized participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of physical frailty, which was defined on the basis of slow gait speed • Followed participants with monthly telephone interviews for up to 5 years • to determine the occurrence of disability • to ascertain exposure to intervening events, which included illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity. Conclusions Illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity represent important sources of disability for community-living older persons, regardless of the presence of physical frailty. These intervening events may be suitable targets for the prevention of disability.

20. WHEN BAD THINGS HAPPEN TO OLDER PERSONS:THE ROLE OF INTERVENING EVENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISABILTY Thomas M Gill MD, Heather Allore PhD, Theodore R Holford PhD, Zhenchao Guo PhD Yale University School of Medicine CONCLUSIONS Illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity represent important sources of disability for community-living older persons, regardless of the presence of physical frailty. Theseintervening events may be suitable targets for the prevention of disability. BACKGROUND RESULTS A more complete understanding of the disabling process would likely facilitate the development of interventions aimed at preventing disability among community-living older persons. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between intervening events and the development of disability To determine whether this relationship is modified by the presence of physical frailty METHODS • Prospective study of 754 nondisabled, community-living persons, aged 70+ years • Categorized participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of physical frailty, which was defined on the basis of slow gait speed • Followed participants with monthly telephone interviews for up to 5 years • to determine the occurrence of disability • to ascertain exposure to intervening events, which included illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity

22. WHEN BAD THINGS HAPPEN TO OLDER PEOPLE:THE ROLE OF INTERVENING EVENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISABILTY Thomas M Gill MD, Heather Allore PhD, Theodore R Holford PhD, Zhenchao Guo PhD Yale University School of Medicine BACKGROUND RESULTS A more complete understanding of the disabling process would likely facilitate the development of interventions aimed at preventing disability among community-living older persons. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between intervening events and the development of disability To determine whether this relationship is modified by the presence of physical frailty METHODS • Prospective study of 754 nondisabled, community-living persons, aged 70+ years • Categorized participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of physical frailty, which was defined on the basis of slow gait speed • Followed participants with monthly telephone interviews for up to 5 years • to determine the occurrence of disability • to ascertain exposure to intervening events, which included illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity Conclusions • Illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity represent important sources of disability for community-living older persons, regardless of the presence of physical frailty. • These intervening events may be suitable targets for the prevention of disability.

23. More Examples • Critique • Make Suggestions • Finalize to Print Exercises

25. 80 60 % Discrepancies Study Aims 40 20 0 Discharge Home Site of Medication Discrepancies Conclusions Post-Hospital Discharge Medication Discrepancies among Elders with Heart Failure J.B. Foust*, M.D. Naylor, J.S. Schwartz, and M. Brian Bixby University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia PA Introduction Methods Preliminary Findings An extension of a secondary analysis using data generated from a recent study of transitional care of elders with heart failure 5 Post-Hospital Discharge Medication Discrepancies • Elders are at greater risk for medical errors • Medications are involved in a majority (66%) of post-hospital adverse events 1 • Post-hospital medication discrepancies are common (42%) 2 • Adverse drug events can be related to hospital admissions 3 • Patients selectively fill prescriptions due to costs 4 Types • Incomplete discharge instructions • Inconsistencies between discharge records • Prescriptions not filled properly • Patient non-adherence • Original Study • Randomized Clinical Trial • Sample: Elderly heart failure patients (N=225) • Intervention: Comprehensive discharge planning & home care for 3 months provided by Advanced Practices Nurses (APN) Rates Secondary Analysis • Descriptive study • Sample: Comparison of patient records with and without known medication discrepancies (N=466) • Chart abstraction of available records from hospital, outpatient & APN visits • Inter-rater reliability meeting a substantial Kappa coefficient (6.1-8.0 ) • To describe the rates and types of post-hospital discharge medication discrepancies • To describe patient risk factors associated with post-hospital discharge medication discrepancies • Medications should be reconciled before hospital discharge & 1st home/outpatient visit • Medication discrepancies will more likely occur if patients: • Take more than 6 medications daily • Receive new medications at discharge Data Analysis References • Forster, A. J., Murff, H. J., Peterson, J. F., Gandhi, T. K., & Bates, D. W. (2003). The incidence and severity of adverse events affecting patients after discharge from the hospital. Ann Intern Med, 138(3), 161-7. • Moore, C., Wisnivesky, J., Williams, S., & McGinn, T. (2003). Medical errors related to discontinuity of care from an inpatient to an outpatient setting. J Gen Intern Med, 18(8), 646-51. • Chan, M., Nicklason, F., & Vial, J. H. (2001). Adverse drug events as a cause of hospital admission in the elderly. Intern Med J, 31(4), 199-205. • Mitchell, J., Mathews, H.F., Hunt, L.M., Cobb, K.H., & Watts, R. W. (2001). Mismanaging prescription medications among rural elders: the effects of socioeconomic status, health status, and medication profile indicators, Gerontologist, 41, 348-56. • Naylor, M. D., Brooten, D.A., Campbell, R.L., Maislin, G., McCauley, K.M., & Schwartz, J.S. (2004). Transitional care of older adults hospitalized with heart failure: A randomized controlled trial. JAGS, 52, 675-684. • Pictures obtained from: • http://rolab.co.za/Images/Pictures/hand%20pills.jpg • www.telefilm-south.com/Georgia/Oz/Oz11-4/images/pills.gif • http://www.goerie.com/primelifestyles/taking_medications_safely.html • Descriptive statistics will be used to describe: • Frequencies of various types of post-hospital discharge medication discrepancies • Characteristics of patients experiencing & not experiencing discrepancies Logistic regression will be used to identify: • Patients at greater risk for post-hospital discharge medication discrepancies Assistance gratefully acknowledged from the John A. Hartford Foundation Building Academic Geriatric Nursing Capacity Program, The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, and * The Department of Nursing, University of New Hampshire.

26. ORS Services • Standard Power Point Slides: • Assist in printing, cutting, and assembling first few slides, and you complete the rest • ORS staff construct and laminate your title board • Only posters presented more than once a year can be laminated • Large 4’ X 4’ • Help convert your power point slides to large poster format

27. ORS Guidelines • Schedule an appointment with Liz or an RA • Email slides to the ORS 2 days before scheduled appointment • Bring completed slides on disc or CD

28. Any Questions???