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CLASSICAL EMPIRES

Explore the rise and fall of Maurya Empire, the Golden Age under Gupta rule, and Emperor Ashoka's contributions from 1100 BCE to 500 CE. Learn about Indian civilization, the Mauryan emperors, Hinduism, and the cultural zenith under Chandragupta II in this enlightening journey. Discover the rich heritage, achievements, and significant historical events that shaped ancient Indian societies. Dive deep into the fascinating realms of Mahayana Buddhism, the caste system, and Hindu belief systems. Uncover the essence of karma, dharma, and the profound philosophies that still resonate today.

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CLASSICAL EMPIRES

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  1. CLASSICAL EMPIRES SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE. a. Describe the development of Indian civilization; include the rise and fall of the Maurya Empire, the “Golden Age” under Gupta, and the emperor Ashoka. MAURYA EMPIRE, RECALL FROM LAST UNIT

  2. MAURYA EMPIRE • The Mauryas: Indian dynasty in the fourth-third centuries BCE, which unified the subcontinent for the first time and contributed to the spread of Buddhism.

  3. MAURYA EMPIRE, EMPERORS • Chandragupta Maurya (c.321-c.297) • Bindusara Maurya (c.297-c.272) • Ashoka Maurya (c.272-c.232)

  4. Ashoka Maurya (c.272-c.232) • great conqueror, and the first to unite the Indian subcontinent, except for the extreme south. • converted to Buddhism established dhamma, 'the law of justice', everywhere in India • Left rock edicts behind on several places in his realm

  5. Ashoka was sincere when he proclaimed his belief in ahimsa (non-violence) and cooperation between religions ("contact between religions is good").

  6. DECLINE • After the death of Ashoka, the Mauryan empire declined.

  7. ASHOKA STUPA (STATUES)

  8. VIDEO, ASHOKA • http://www2.newcanaan.k12.ct.us/education/components/docmgr/default.php?sectiondetailid=7021&fileitem=763&catfilter=376

  9. GOLDEN AGE OF INDIA UNDER THE GUPTA • http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX485700704d560800745555&t=History-of-India

  10. CHANDRAGUPTA II • Chandragupta II The Great (Sanskrit: चन्द्रगुप्त विक्रमादित्य; was one of the most powerful emperors of the Gupta empire in northern India • rule spanned c. 380–413/415 CE • the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith, art, architecture, and sculpture flourished, and the cultural development of ancient India reached its climax

  11. HINDUISM • WHAT DO YOU KNOW? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AYL9_-PQyQ

  12. HINDUISM • Hinduism is the predominant religion of the Indian subcontinent • includes a wide spectrum of laws and prescriptions of "daily morality" based on karma, dharma, and societal norms • no single founder • oldest living major religionin the world

  13. HINDUISM • Hindu texts INCLUDE TEXTS which discuss theology, philosophy, mythology, rituals, and temple building • Major scriptures include the Vedas, Upanishads and others • Hinduism, with about one billion followers, is the world's third largest religion, after Christianity and Islam.

  14. Hinduism • belief in reincarnation (samsara), determined by the law of karma, and the idea that salvation is freedom from this cycle of repeated birth and death • other religions of the region, such as Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, also believe in karma, outside the scope of Hinduism • beliefs spanning monotheism, polytheism • caste system in India is a system of social stratification

  15. Brahminical texts grouped the four well-known caste categories • VARNAS • Brahmins PRIESTS • Kshatriyas WARRIORS • Vaishyas MERCHANTS • Shudras ARTISANS • untouchables

  16. Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs o), Dharma (ethics/duties) • Samsāra (the continuing cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth) • Karma (action and subsequent reaction) • Moksha (liberation from samsara) • Yogas (paths or practices)

  17. HINDUISM • (Creation Hymn) of the Rig Veda thus says:] • Who really knows?Who will here proclaim it?Whence was it produced? Whence is this creation?The gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe.Who then knows whence it has arisen?

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