Surface energy balance and photosynthesis: scaling from leaf to canopy with the SCOPE model

1. Surface energy balance and photosynthesis: scaling from leaf to canopy with the SCOPE model Christiaan van der Tol, Wouter Verhoef, Joris Timmermans, Anne Verhoef, Bob Su, Suvarna Punalekar, Clement Duffour, Joe Berry

2. SCOPE is a classicalSVAT (Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer schemecombinedwithRadiative transfer modelsforleafandcanopy • It simulates: • Photosynthesis • The surface energy balance • Reflectance spectra andratiationemissionbetween 0.4 and 50 μm IGARSS 2012, 22-27 July, Munich

3. IGARSS 2012, 22-27 July, Munich

6. Scattering of Arbitrarily Inclined Leaves (SAIL) Retrieve information about… Canopy • density • leaf area index • leaf inclination Leaf • leaf chlorophyll • leaf water content • leaf thickness

7. Advantage of Fluorescence over greenness indices: Not only the presence or structure, but also the activity of the vegetation F CO2 E H Rn Photosynthesis

8. Lf= 1 2 all visible leaves input spectrum leaf level 2 FLUSPECT model: observation model for the leaf 1 biochemical model for the leaf canopy level

9. Optical- near infrared Thermal infrared Fluorescence

10. SCOPE simulations of radiance With and without fluorescence

11. Example 1 Multi-directional observations (left) and model simulations (right) of brightness temperatures (Duffour et al., 2015, AFM, in press)

12. Example 2 Comparison of measured (symbols) and modelled (lines) diurnal cycles of fluxes and temperature (Punalekar et al., sumbitted to AFM)

13. Example 2, continued

14. Example 3. Vertical profiles of temperature in the canopy (Punalekar et al., submitted to AFM)

15. Example 4. Modelled and measured canopy reflectance spectra (Punalekar et al., submitted to AFM)

16. Example 5. Measured (left) and modelled (right) responses of GPP and Chlorophyll fluorescence to irradiance.Diurnal cycles of Chlorophyll fluorescence (Van der Tol et al, in prep)