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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS. The questions. What is network? Why do we need networking? How Data flow ? What are networks hardware components? How many types of network connection? How many kinds of Networks? How many network topologies?. What is a Network ?.

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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS Dr.Kusay Faisal Abdulrazak

  2. The questions • What is network? • Why do we need networking? • How Data flow ? • What are networks hardware components? • How many types of network connection? • How many kinds of Networks? • How many network topologies?

  3. What is a Network? A network is two or more computers linked together, it share data files, software applications and hardware like printer and other computer resources such as fax. Why do we need Networking? • Sharing information • Sharing hardware or software. • Centralize administration and support.

  4. Data flow (simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex) Simplex : one way like radio broadcast, Paging system satellite broadcasting. Half-duplex: two-way of communication Like: walky-talky, Full: like cellular system, Telephone.

  5. Physical Structures • Type of Connection • Point to Point - single transmitter and receiver • Point to Multipoint - multiple recipients of single transmission

  6. How many kinds of Networks? • we can classify networks in different ways: • Based on network size: LAN and WAN (and MAN) • Based on management method: Peer-to-peer and Client/Server • Based on topology (connectivity): Bus, Star, Ring .. • Based on transmission media: Wired (UTP, coaxial cables, fiber-optic cables) and Wireless • : • :

  7. LAN and WAN • Local Area Network (LAN) • Small network, short distance • A room, a floor, a building • Limited by number of computers and distance covered • Serve a department within an organization • Examples: • Network inside the Student Computer Room • Network inside your home

  8. Figure . An isolated LAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet

  9. Wide Area Network (WAN) • A network that uses long-range telecommunication links to connect 2 or more LANs/computers housed in different places far apart. • Towns, states, countries • Examples: Internet Your home USA WAN Student Computer Centre

  10. WANs: a switched WAN and a point-to-point WAN

  11. How many network topologies? • There are four network topologies • Ring network • If a cable breaks or one computer fails, • whole network will fail. • 2. Bus network • If main cable fails, • whole network will fail. • 3. Star network • If center server fails, • whole network will fail. • 4. Mesh network • If a cable breaks or one computer fails, • it won’t affect the other computers.

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