REV. WAR IN SC

1. REV. WAR IN SC • PATRIOTS – supported the Continental Congress and Independence • Many of the early Patriots were in the SC LOWCOUNTRY. The political leaders were wealthy white men who owned much land and supported independence • Most SC Patriots volunteered in the MILITIA (citizen soldiers) and with PARTISAN groups (small groups of soldiers who used guerilla warfare against the British)

2. LOYALISTS or TORIES – remained loyal to the KING and GREAT BRITIAN • There were more loyalists in SC than any other colony except NEW YORK • Most of the early Tories lived in the SC BACKCOUNTRY • When the war ended many Tories left SC for the CARIBBEAN or CANADA. Others were fined or had their property CONFISCATED

3. WOMEN IN THE WAR • Some SC were Patriots while others were Tories. Women managed FARMS and PLANTATIONS while the men were off fighting. Some served as MESSENGERS or NURSES.

4. AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN THE WAR • Most African-Americans continued to work as SLAVES in SC • In some states African-Americans served in the CONTINENTAL ARMY but SC did not allow slaves to serve as soldiers because of a fear of SLAVE REBELLIONS. • Some African-Americans did serve with the PARTISANS • Many African-Americans fought for the British because they offered them FREEDOM. (SC did NOT offer slaves freedom in exchange for their service)

6. NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE WAR • The CHEROKEE supported the British during the war because they promised to return their land to them. • After the war the Cherokee LOST ALL THEIR LAND in SC

7. REV. WAR IN SC MUCH OF THE WAR IN SC WAS FOUGHT BETWEEN PATRIOTS AND TORIES THE BRITISH FELT THEIR BEST CHANCE OF WINNING THE WAR WAS IN THE SOUTH WAS BECAUSE OF ALL THE TORIES THERE FORT SULLIVAN – PALMETTO FORT SAVED CHARLESTON CHARLESTON FELL TO THE BRITISH IN 1780 and Patriot forces surrendered and were PAROLED (this meant they were released with their promise they would not fight any more)

9. Harsh treatment by the British after the fall of Charleston (including burning churches, and homes) led many to ignore their parole and join the Patriots partisans • THE SLAUGHTER OF AMERICAN TROOPS AT BUFORD’S MASSACRE CONVINCED MANY TO JOIN THE PATRIOTS • BANASTRE TARLETON – a brutal British officer who slaughtered the men at Buford’s Massacre offering the Patriots no QUARTER (mercy) • TARLETONS QUARTER became a Patriot rallying cry meaning Take No Prisoners

11. FRANCIS MARION, THOMAS SUMTER, ANDREW PICKENS and WILLIAM HARDEN led the Patriot partisans in attacking British and Loyalist forces. • BATTLE OF CAMDEN – THE ONLY AMERICAN ARMY IN THE SOUTH WAS DESTROYED • After the battle of Camden, GEN. NATHANIEL GREENE took command of the American army in the South

13. KING’S MOUNTAIN – PATRIOT VICTORY, THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR IN THE SOUTH…Patriot troops showed no quarter to many of the surrendering Tories • COWPENS – PATRIOT VICTORY- the first time American troops defeated an army of mostly British regular troops. • AFTER THIS BATTLE THE BRITISH ARMY ABANDONED THEIR PLAN TO CONQUER THE SOUTH AND RETREATED INTO NC. AND VA. THE REMAINING BRITISH TROOPS WERE SLOWLY DRIVEN BACK TO CHARLESTON BY GEN. GREENE’S CONTINENTAL TROOPS

16. Isaac Hayne Incident • Isaac Hayne was arrested by the British for VIOLATING HIS PAROLE. The British decided to make an example of him by hanging him as a traitor. Greene threatened to retaliate by hanging British prisoners. This prevented any more hangings

17. The BATTLE OF EUTAW SPRINGS was the final major battle in SC. Though technically a British victory the heavy losses to the British army forced them to retreat into Charleston thus giving up all their positions in the remainder of the state • At YORKTOWN, VA. the British army in America finally surrendered and peace talks began. The TREATY OF PARIS was signed in 1783 ending the war.