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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome. The Roman Republic on the eve of the Assassination of Gaius Julius Caesar – c. 44 BC. Phases of Roman History. The Roman Kingdom (753 BC ) The Roman Republic (509 BC ) The Roman Empire (27 BC ) The Divided Empire ( AD 330) The Fall of the West ( AD 476)

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Ancient Rome

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  1. Ancient Rome

  2. The Roman Republic on the eve of the Assassination of Gaius Julius Caesar – c. 44 BC

  3. Phases of Roman History The Roman Kingdom (753 BC) The Roman Republic (509 BC) The Roman Empire (27 BC) The Divided Empire (AD 330) The Fall of the West (AD 476) The Fall of the East (AD 1453)

  4. Phase IThe Roman Kingdom

  5. The Roman Kingdom: 753-509 BC 21 April 753: the founding of Rome by Romulus on the Palatine Hill. The Seven Kings prior to the establishment of the Republic: • The first 4 kings were part of an elected monarchy, chosen by the Senate and confirmed by the People. • The last 3 kings were part of a hereditary monarchy, no longer elected but passed down.

  6. Romulus kills his brother Remus

  7. List of the 7 Kings of Rome • Romulus (753-715) • NumaPompilius (715-673) • TulliusHositilus (673-642) • AncusMarcius (642-617) • TarquiniusPriscus (617-579; the first of the Etruscan Kings) • ServiusTullius (579-535) • LuciusTarquinucius “Superbus” (534-510)

  8. The Legend of Romulus • Rhea Sylvia had twin boys: Romulus and Remus, by Mars, the god of War. • A jealous uncle ordered the twins to be killed. • Legend says they were nursed by a she-wolf. • Ended up being raised by Faustulus, a shepherd, and his wife. • Romulus and Remus began to build walls in what would later become Rome. • Remus criticized his brother, and got killed for it. Romulus, Rex

  9. The Different Offices of Government • The King: (Rex) had ultimate power in Rome; the power to appoint assistants and to delegate to them specific powers. • The Senate: (from senex, meaning “old man” or “elder”) Advisory Council to the King; had the power to elect a new king (suppressed by the hereditary monarchy) • Popular Assembly: (Curiate Assembly) the means by which the People of Rome could express their opinions. • The People of Rome: (Populus) organized into Curias (a subdivision of the people, like tribes). • During the Kingdom Period, there were 30 Curias total in Rome.

  10. How the Senate Chose the King • When a king died, it began a period called interregnum (“time between reigns”). • A member of the Senate was chosen as interrex (“in-between king”) who would then nominate a candidate for kingship. • After the Senate gave initial approval of the nominee, he would then be formally presented for election by the People of Rome in the Curiate Assembly. • The candidate would then receive final approval from the Senate. • The new king took the auspices (a ritual search for omens from the gods) and was vested with imperium (legal authority to rule) by the Popular Assembly. • And voilá! Habemus Regem!

  11. The Ancient City and the 7 Hills

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