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Beyond 10G. Hong Liu February 14, 2005. Outline . Today’s landscape and Future Direction 10G and 40G Ethernet vs. Sonet Juniper’s Core Platform and OC-768c Solution Core Routing Platform Roadmap OC-768c and engineering challenges Beyond 40G. Today’s Landscape.
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Beyond 10G Hong Liu February 14, 2005
Outline • Today’s landscape and Future Direction • 10G and 40G • Ethernet vs. Sonet • Juniper’s Core Platform and OC-768c Solution • Core Routing Platform Roadmap • OC-768c and engineering challenges • Beyond 40G
Today’s Landscape • True 10G roll out and deployment: • 10GE customer and IntraPoP connections • OC-192c/STM-64 InterPoP circuits • DWDM transport • 40G (OC-768c) at very early stage • WDM transport gear available, with some deployed • One vendor with very expensive solution in trial • 40GE/100GE? standards yet to get off the ground
Future Directions • Long term – convergence is key • IP over MPLS, clear winner • Ethernet with transport-friendly features? • SONET with Ethernet cost/commodity advantages? • Near/Medium term – each has its place • Ethernet lacks OAM for transport/larger network • SONET expensive for intra-cluster • Virtual Concatenation, Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme and Generic Framing Procedure allows Ethernet over SONET
Applications • Bigger bandwidth increments mean fewer devices to manage • IntraPoP connections • For short distances 40G is feasible now • Ethernet’s lack of OAM not a barrier • InterPoP connections • 40G single wavelength, over long distances requires fiber laid in the last few years • DWDM with many 10G wavelengths to extend the usable life of installed fiber • SONET is only near-term choice, due to OAM requirements of transport providers
Core Routing Platform Roadmap • T-series platforms were built to accommodate multiple generations of PFEs • Switch fabric capacity upgrades • Packet forwarding engine technology upgrades • Next-generation, 40G PFE in development now • Leverages design points from current architecture • Straightforward extension of existing 20G chipset
Juniper’s OC-768c • Designed to work with installed T640s • OC-768c = Next step for ultra-high BW pipes • 1999 - 2003 = deployment of 10G circuits • 2003 - 2005 = aggregate existing 10G circuits (link bundling) • 2005 / 2006 and beyond = deployment of OC-768c • Initial offering will be SR (2km), link limited primarily by fiber chromatic dispersion • Could be extended to IR (40km), link limited by chromatic and polarization mode dispersion.
Beyond 40 Gigabit Speeds • Engineering lessons: • Multiplexing is most cost-effective solution, at least initially • Engineering challenges: • Forwarding with intelligence at these speeds • Memory requirements – bandwidth and capacity • Power and cooling issues – temperature stability of optics • Chromatic and PMD (polarization mode dispersion) compensation are needed for links beyond 40G • Fiber capacity/readiness for more than 40G using single lamda • As you approach technological limits, cost rises asymptotically