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Proteins & Enzymes

Proteins & Enzymes. What are proteins?. Proteins are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen C, H, O, N Skin, muscles, catalysts. Protein monomers (building blocks). Proteins are made from amino acids There are 20 different amino acids. Amino Acid Structure.

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Proteins & Enzymes

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  1. Proteins & Enzymes

  2. What are proteins? • Proteins are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen • C, H, O, N • Skin, muscles, catalysts

  3. Protein monomers (building blocks) • Proteins are made from amino acids • There are 20 different amino acids

  4. Amino Acid Structure • The “R” group is what makes the amino acids different • Different amino acids have different SHAPES and FUNCTIONS

  5. Protein Condensation • Condensation is adding two or more amino acids together. • The result is a DIPEPTIDE & WATER

  6. Peptide Bonds • The C-N bond is called a peptide bond • Peptide bonds are created during condensation reactions

  7. Polypeptides • 3 or more amino acids • Usually long chains

  8. Proteins • 1 or more polypeptides make up a PROTEIN

  9. Enzymes • Enzymes are organic molecules (proteins) that are catalysts • This means they speed up a reaction by lowering the activation energy • The energy needed for a reaction to take place

  10. Enzymes & Substrate • Enzymes have an activation site that a substrate binds to • The reaction occurs, and the new products are released from the enzyme

  11. More abt Enzymes • Enzymes are unchanged, so they can be used multiple times • Enzyme activity depends on many factors • pH • temperature

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