Subjects, Predicates, and Clauses

1. Subjects, Predicates, and Clauses Weeks 11 and 12

2. Complete Sentences • Every sentence has a subject and a predicate. • The subject is ______ or what a sentence is about. • The predicate is where the __________ is in the sentence. • Example: • The class went to lunch. • Class is who the sentence is about, and went is what they did. • _______ is the subject and ______ is the predicate.

3. Complete Sentences • The subject of your sentence is always a _______ or a ___________. • The predicate of your sentence is always a _________. • Underline the subject and circle the predicate in the following sentences: • Ms. Dilsaver asked a question. • The students answered it correctly. • They got a piece of candy for the answer.

4. Let’s Practice... • Which of the following is a complete sentence? • Fix the sentences that are incomplete. • Ran down the hall. • She ate the cookie. • My mother sang. • In the afternoon. • Megan did her homework.

5. Subjects • We know every sentence has a subject. • It tells ______ or ______ the sentence is about. • Every subject is built around one or more noun or pronoun. • Example: • The dog chased the cat. • What is the noun or pronoun the sentence is about?

6. Simple Subjects • There are two kinds of subjects: simple and complete. • Let’s talk about simple subjects first. • The simple subject is quite simply the noun or pronoun the sentence is about. • We have been finding this together all along when I ask you who or what the sentence is about. • The crops are being harvested. • Thanksgiving will be here soon. • Then, it will be Christmas.

7. Let’s Practice... • In the morning, the deer play in the fields. • The beautiful sunset is nice. • The creative artists are great at painting. • I teach sixth grade. • My brother ate the cake.

8. Complete Subjects • Complete subjects are just what they say. • They don’t include just the ______ or _______. • They also include all the words that describe the noun or pronoun. • Example: • The four new students went to class. • Who or what is the sentence about? • Which words describe or modify the subject? • This is the complete subject.

9. Let’s Practice... • In the morning, the deer play in the fields. • The beautiful sunset is nice. • The creative artists are great at painting. • I teach sixth grade. • My mother ate the cake.

10. Simple Predicates • Just like simple subjects, simple predicates are also very easy to identify. • They are simply the _______ in the sentence. • Example: • I like to run on nice days. • Run is the verb; it is the ________________. • The weather is turning colder. • Turning is the main verb; is is the ________ verb; is turning is the _______________.

11. Let’s Practice... • The leaves are changing colors. • My little brother broke his finger. • The painting was stolen. • My cookies taste good. • I love this class.

12. Complete Predicates • We know that simple predicates include only the _______ in the sentence. • Complete predicates include the verb and all the words that __________ or modify the predicate. • Example: • I tossed my penny into the wishing well. • Tossed is the verb; my penny into the wishing well all modify or describe the ______; tossed my penny into the wishing well is the complete predicate.

13. Let’s Practice... • The leaves are changing colors. • My little brother broke his finger. • The painting was stolen. • My cookies taste good. • I love this class.

14. Find the Complete Subject and Predicate • In the morning, the deer play in the fields. • The beautiful sunset is nice. • The creative artists are great at painting. • I teach sixth grade. • My mother ate the cake.

15. Compound Subject • Every sentence has a subject. • It is _______ or ______ the sentence is about. • Sometimes sentences can be about more than one person place or thing. • This is called a ____________ subject. • Example: • The roses and daisies are blooming. • Who or what is blooming? • As you can see, more than one flower is performing the action in the sentence. Roses and daisies are the simple subjects in the compound subject. • What is the complete subject?

16. Compound Predicates • We also have compound predicates. • Similar to how compound subjects include more than one noun or pronoun, compound predicates include more than one verb. • Example: • The dog was barking and scratching at the door. • Barking and scratching are both verbs. • Barking and scratching is the simple compound subject. • What is the complete compound subject?

17. Let’s Practice... • The sisters and brothers ran and skipped down the street. • Most flowers and trees begin to lose their leaves and become dormant in the winter. • Many cities and towns ask and require their citizens to pay taxes.

18. Direct and Indirect Objects • All sentences require two parts in order for them to be complete: a _________ and a ___________. • Example: • The dog barked. • Most sentences also have a third part to give more information and description. • Example: • The dog barked at the stranger. • The extra information is known as the __________.

19. Direct Objects • Direct objects will always be a _________ or a ________. • They complete the predicate by answering the question whom? or what? in the sentence. • Example: • The dog barked at whom? • _________ is the direct object. • Direct objects directly receive the _________ in the sentence.

20. Let’s find the direct objects... • Ms. Dilsaver plans lessons for our class. • Schools need outstanding teachers for the students. • She gave extra credit to the students.

21. Indirect Objects • Indirect objects will always be a ________ or a ________. • They complete the predicate by answering the question of to whom? or for whom? in the sentence. • Example: • She gave extra credit to Jimmy. • To whom did she give extra credit? • ________ is the indirect object.

22. Let’s find the indirect objects... • Ms. Dilsaver plans lessons for our class. • Schools need outstanding teachers for the students. • She gave extra credit to the students.

23. Independent and Dependent Clauses • What is a clause? • Not a Claus..... • A clause as in a sentence that contains both a subject and a predicate, otherwise known as a complete sentence. • There are two types of clauses: independent and dependent clauses.

24. Independent Clauses • Independent clauses are complete sentences that can stand on their own. • They are strong and contain all the parts they need to be complete: the __________ and the ___________. • Example: • We decorate our Christmas tree when December comes around. • What is the simple/complete subject? • What is the simple/complete predicate?

25. Dependent Clauses • Dependent clauses are not __________ sentences, and they cannot stand alone. • They are either missing a _________ or a __________. • Example: • When December comes around, • This is not a complete sentence because it is missing information. • It must be joined to an independent clause in order to make sense and be independent. • Example: • When December comes around, we decorate the Christmas tree.

26. Let’s find the dependent and independent clauses... • In the morning, I like to watch the news. • I like to watch the news in the morning. • After the movie, we will go to dinner. • We will go to dinner after the movie. • In 2013, you will graduate high school. • You will graduate high school in 2013.