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Stem Cells and Diabetes

Stem Cells and Diabetes. The Future. Diabetes Research What is known.  cells are not generated from adult stem cells in the pancreas. It is unlikely that a cure for diabetes will come from adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells have been shown to generate insulin-producing  cells.

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Stem Cells and Diabetes

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  1. Stem Cells and Diabetes The Future

  2. Diabetes ResearchWhat is known cells are not generated from adult stem cells in the pancreas. It is unlikely that a cure for diabetes will come from adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells have been shown to generate insulin-producing cells.

  3. What Has Been Tried:Whole organ pancreas transplants • Problem: not enough organs to meet the demand • Problem: must take powerful immunosuppressants

  4. What Has Been Tried:Injections of pancreatic islet cells • Problem: less than 8% of these transplants have been successful • Problem: immunosuppressants are required

  5. Problem: There is much work to be done before this technique will be ready—if it is ever ready. Possible Next Step: Inject  cells into the patient’s pancreas

  6. Possible Next Step: Activate  cells in the patient’s own pancreas • Problem: There may be no cells left in the pancreas of a patient to activate.

  7. Possible Next Step Provide type l diabetics with transplants of cells derived from embryonic stem cells.

  8. What We Need to Know • What properties make embryonic stem cells unique? • Where do these cells come from? • How are they involved in the formation of the pancreas, cells, and other tissues?

  9. Where do they come from? “Human Embryonic Development” animation is located on Disc One of Potent Biology DVD and here: http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/stemcells/human_emb_dev.html

  10. What makes them unique? can regenerate an infinite number of times can be grown in culture indefinitely are classified as pluripotent are able to differentiate into specialized cells as needed

  11. How are stem cells involved in the formation of the pancreas,  cells, and other tissues? “Differentiation and the Fate of Cells” animation is located on Disc One of Potent Biology DVD and here: http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/stemcells/differentiation.html.

  12. Germ Layer Differentiation

  13. Forming Specialized Cells Growth factors and other signals tell a stem cell when to differentiate and what type of cell to become.

  14. Forming Specialized Cells The same growth factors and signals could be used to direct the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells grown in culture.

  15. What is Known

  16. Role of Location in Differentiation

  17. Role of Location in Differentiation

  18. The Task: Guiding cultured embryonic stem cells to become insulin-producing  cells.

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