100 Volts

1. 100 Volts vo,x 0 Volts

2. V(x) 200 150 100 50 Volts 200 Volts 50 x

3. coordinates y z x -200 Volts 200 Volts

4. (note the perpendicular intersections) 10 V 0 V

5. y 10 V 0 V x (line of symmetry is x-axis where y=0)

6. y (where the equipotential line intersects the line of symmetry) 3 V 7 V 10 V 0 V x yields V(x,0) 10 5 x 0

7. V(x,0) 10 5 x (cm) 0 yields Ex(x,0) 150 75 x (cm) 0

8. U(x) potential energy negative slope (FNET to right) unstable equilibrium (FNET = 0) A B x C D positive slope (FNET to left) stable equilibrium (FNET = 0)

9. U(x) potential energy D: FNETto right A: stable equilibrium C: unstable Equilibrium A B x C D B: FNETto left

10. U(x) potential energy A B x C D

11. V(x) electric potential x begin A B

12. Radial electric vector field of a charged conducting circle y + x

13. y y _ + x x

14. y _ x

15. y _ x

16. U(x,y) potential energy dotted lines show constant energy y FNET to right and forward) x

17. U(x,y) potential energy (dotted lines show constant energy) y FNET to right and forward) x

18. V(x,y) electric potential (potential energy per unit charge) dotted lines show constant electric potential solid lines show electric field + y arrow shows electric field direction on positive test charge + x E(x,y)

19. V(x,y) + (dotted lines show constant electric potential) y (solid lines show electric field) + (arrow shows force on test charge) x

20. V(x,y) + (dotted lines show constant electric potential) y (solid lines show electric field) x

21. V(x,y) dotted lines show constant electric potential solid lines show electric field + y x

22. y + x

23. y x

24. y V=4 volts A q B x

25. V=7 volts V=5 volts E=?

26. V=7 volts V=5 volts E=? d = 2 cm

27. Q must be estimated or measured with a protractor to calculate the legs (x and Y components of E). y 100 V/m 57 V/m Q = 35o 82 V/m x

28. 75o 60o 45o 30o 15o 10o

29. V(x,y) dotted lines show constant electric potential solid lines show electric field _ y arrow shows electric field direction on positive test charge + E(x,y) x

30. V(x,y) y + x _

31. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

32. V I ACROSS SECTION L

33. + + + + BATTERY BATTERY BATTERY BATTERY ITOTAL IA IB IC ID IE

34. + BATTERY e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e (handle) (spinning paddle wheel) PUMP

35. R R Vsource b c a d R R Vsource e h g f

36. R R resistors in series Vsource Vsource R resistors in parallel R R R Vsource Vsource

37. 3 V 6 W 3V 6 W 6 W

38. + + BATTERY BATTERY current can never flow current may flow (depending on the properties of the ground) the ground the ground

39. + BATTERY the ground

40. _ _ + + 9-VOLT BATTERY 9-VOLT BATTERY

41. + -

42. Unmagnetized iron filings before being placed in magnetic field. N S S N S N S N N S

43. ? S N Needle direction? Draw needle in compass circle. compass

44. STOP PRELAB

45. - + + - - + - + - + - + - - -

46. Uncharged conducting coin grounded to Earth.

47. + - - - - - - - - The presence of positive charge creates an electric field at the coin surface that attracts electrons from the Earth to negatively charge the coin.

48. + - - - - Removing the grounding wire leaves the coin positively charged. The Earth is a giant reservoir of charge, we do not worry about the fact that it has some miniscule amount of excess positive charge.

49. + - - - - + + + + The presence of positive charge creates an electric field at the coin surface that causes macroscopic charge separation. (The coins positive charges are forced to be far away from the positively charged object.)

50. + - - - - + + + +