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Subnetting of IP Address

Subnetting of IP Address. Network Number for Each Network. 164.124.100.3. Unique Network Number for each Network Different host addresses in same Network 4 Network Numbers for 8 systems. 164.124.1.2. 164.124.180.5. netA. 164.124.0.1. A. 203.252.2.1. netB. 203.252.2.2. s0. e0. e1.

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Subnetting of IP Address

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  1. Subnetting of IP Address

  2. Network Number for Each Network 164.124.100.3 • Unique Network Number for each Network • Different host addresses in same Network • 4 Network Numbers for 8 systems 164.124.1.2 164.124.180.5 netA 164.124.0.1 A 203.252.2.1 netB 203.252.2.2 s0 e0 e1 netC netD B 130.1.50.0 203.252.3.2 203.252.3.3 130.1.100.10 203.252.3.1

  3. Routing Table of Router B IP Routing Table Destination Network Number Interface 130.1.0.0 e0 164.124.0.0 s0 203.252.2.0 s0 203.252.3.0 e1

  4. Sub-Network Number for Each Network • Only 1 Class B Network Number for 4 networks • more effective • We should apply subnetmask in these cases 164.124.1.3 164.124.1.2 164.124.1.4 netA 164.124.1.1 A 164.124.2.1 netB 164.124.2.2 netC netD B 164.124.4.2 164.124.4.3 164.124.3.2 164.124.3.1 164.124.4.1

  5. Routing Table of Router B IP Routing Table Destination Network Number Interface 164.124.1.0 s0 164.124.2.0 s0 164.124.3.0 e0 164.124.4.0 e1

  6. Benefit of Subnetting • Address utilization if more Efficient • Minimized the side effect of Broadcast message • broadcating storm exhausts the bandwithd of network • minimize broadcasting storm .... .... .... ....

  7. Subnet Mask IP Network Address • Use host bits, starting at the high order bit position • 1bit for network number, 0 bit for host address 164 124 0 0 Default Subnet Mask 255 255 0 0 8-bit Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0

  8. Subnet Mask Bits 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 = 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 = 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 224 = 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240 = 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 248 = 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 252 = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 254 = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255

  9. Subnet Mask without Subnets • The router performs a logical AND operation to obtain the destination network number • Subnets not in use -- the default Network subnet Host 131.108.2.3 10000011 01101100 00000010 00000011 255.255.0.0 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 10000011 01101100 00000000 00000000 131 108 0 0

  10. Subnet Mask with Subnets • Network Number extended by 8 bits Network Host 131.108.2.3 10000011 01101100 00000010 00000011 255.255.255.0 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 10000011 01101100 00000010 00000000 131 108 2 0

  11. Class B Subnetting no. bits subnet mask no. subnets no. hosts 1 255.255.128.0 2 (0) 32762 2 255.255.192.0 4 (2) 16382 3 255.255.224.0 8 (6) 8190 4 255.255.240.0 16 (14) 4094 5 255.255.248.0 32 (30) 2046 6 255.255.252.0 64 (62) 1022 7 255.255.254.0 128 (126) 510 8 255.255.255.0 256 (254) 254 9 255.255.255.128 512 (510) 126 10 255.255.255.192 1024 (1022) 62 11 255.255.255.224 2048 (2046) 30 12 255.255.255.240 4096 (4094) 14 13 255.255.255.248 8192 (8190) 6 14 255.255.255.252 16384(16382) 2

  12. Class C Subnetting no. bits subnet mask no. subnets no. hosts 1 255.255.255.128 2 (0) 126 2 255.255.255.192 4 (2) 62 3 255.255.255.224 8 (6) 30 4 255.255.255.240 16(14) 14 5 255.255.255.248 32(30) 6 6 255.255.255.252 64(62) 2

  13. Subnet & Host range • 203.252.14.0/27 11001011.11111100.00001110.00000000 11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000 203 . 252 . 14 .00000000 (0) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100000 (32) 203 . 252 . 14 .01000000 (64) 203 . 252 . 14 .01100000 (96) 203 . 252 . 14 .10000000 (128) 203 . 252 . 14 .10100000 (160) 203 . 252 . 14 .11000000 (192) 203 . 252 . 14 .11100000 (224)

  14. Subnet & Host range (cont.) • 203.252.14.32/27 203 . 252 . 14 .00100000 (32) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100001 (33) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100010 (34) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100011 (35) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100100 (36) 203 . 252 . 14 .00100101 (37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 . 252 . 14 .00111100 (60) 203 . 252 . 14 .00111101 (61) 203 . 252 . 14 .00111110 (62) 203 . 252 . 14 .00111111 (63)

  15. Subnetting Tip 0 0 0 224 32 1 Bit : 2 subnets range1: 0~127 range2: 128 ~ 255 192 192 64 64 160 96 128 128 128 2 Bits: 4 subnets 240 0 3 Bits: 8 subnets 16 224 32 208 48 192 64 176 80 160 4 Bits: 16 subnets 96 144 128 112

  16. Exercise address subnet mask class subnet broadcast 201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128

  17. Subnet Case 1 • 20 subnets • 5 hosts per subnet • class C address : 201.222.5.0

  18. Subnet Case 1 (cont.) • IP Host Address: 201.222.5.121 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248 Network subnet host 201.222.5.121 11001001 11011110 00000101 01111 001 255.255.255.248 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111 000 11001001 11011110 00000101 01111 000 201 222 5 120 • subnet addres: 201.222.5.120 • host address: 201.222.5.121 ~ 201.222.5.126 • broadcast address: 210.222.5.127

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