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Do now:

Do now:. How would you or the person that bred Dachshunds create them? Meaning what are the steps – to make these “designer dogs?” Answer – take a small breed of dog and breed with another small breed and then continually take the smallest of the litter and breed them.

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Do now:

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  1. Do now: • How would you or the person that bred Dachshunds create them? Meaning what are the steps – to make these “designer dogs?” • Answer – take a small breed of dog and breed with another small breed and then continually take the smallest of the litter and breed them. • They were designed to chase foxes during fox hunts. They purposely breed small dogs, each surviving litter only the smallest were breed with other small dogs of another litter of the same breed. • One of the earliest “Selective breeding”

  2. Dog variations

  3. Homework • Due Monday: Read Chapter 15, section 1 pages 418-420. This will be the last thing we cover before Final Exams. This covers Selective Breeding (which is what Gattaca was all about) • From the quiz: At the very end of the movie Gattaca, Dr. Lamar asks Vincent for a urine sample. Vincent was surprised by this final test and was completely caught off guard. Dr. Lamar brought up his son to Vincent, but Vincent was too focused on being exposed. What did the doctor do next and why?How did you answer?

  4. Gene therapy – Review • What are the 4 types therapy? • 1. A normal gene may be inserted into a nonspecific location within the genome to replace a nonfunctional gene. • 2. An abnormal gene could be swapped for a normal gene. • 3. The abnormal gene could be repaired through selective reverse mutation, and returns it normal function • 4.The regulation (the degree to which a gene is turned on or off) of a particular gene could be altered.

  5. Cystic Fibrosis & Sickle Cell • Are the traits of Cystic Fibrosis & Sickle Cell actually an evolutionary advancement? • Explain

  6. Nature’s way to deal with change • Organisms that face environmental change have 3 choices • 1. Adapt to the change in environment • 2. Move away from the new condition • 3. Die

  7. Biotechnology • Purposely adding in variation (mutation) to improve the breed. • Following Spring break we will do a lab using GMO crops. Itis an example of Biotechnology. We are adding in a seed that was modified to stop weeds from growing. • Is there a concern?

  8. Something to consider • What are “genetically modified organisms?” • Think back to the Do Now. • Why are they important? • Are their risks or controversies?

  9. Something to consider • For example: Can they clone an animal that has long since gone extinct? • Yes! • Should they create a Jurassic Park?

  10. Positives of Genetically Modified crops • What is hybridization? • Take the best of various crops and make a crop that is specialized. • Make the crops an almost certain success as opposed to a gamble with nature. • Can make crops suited for the environment even though they typically do not grow in a area or time of year? • Yes!

  11. Problems of Genetically Modified crops • Can become invasive – if resistant to certain conditions then they could take over an area. • How will animals and people react to these new strains of crops? • For example, why are more people today have an allergy to foods (wheat, nuts,…)?

  12. GM crops

  13. Polyploids • The condition in which a normally diploid cell or organism acquires one or more additional sets of chromosomes. In other words, the polyploid cell or organism has three or more times the haploid chromosome number. Polyploidy arises as the result of total nondisjunction of chromosomes during mitosis or meiosis.

  14. Polyploids in plants • Used in plants because they are create bigger and stronger than a typical diploid. • Typically found in bananas, citrus fruits, also cotton

  15. New material • The goal is to determine common sequences that promote or disrupt normal human growth. For example – markers for cancer.

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