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Monuments of the Millennium: Civil Engineering Achievements Around the World

Monuments of the Millennium: Civil Engineering Achievements Around the World. Dr. Lisa Spainhour Dept. of Civil and Environmental Eng. FAMU-FSU College of Engineering. Airport Design and Development Dams Interstate Highway System Long-Span Bridges Rail Transportation Sanitary Landfills.

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Monuments of the Millennium: Civil Engineering Achievements Around the World

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  1. Monuments of the Millennium:Civil Engineering Achievements Around the World Dr. Lisa Spainhour Dept. of Civil and Environmental Eng. FAMU-FSU College of Engineering

  2. Airport Design and Development Dams Interstate Highway System Long-Span Bridges Rail Transportation Sanitary Landfills Skyscrapers Wastewater Treatment Water Supply and Distribution Water Transportation Civil Engineering Achievements of the Millennium* *As voted by ASCE members

  3. Large-scale engineering projects, notable for Complexity, innovative techniques, engineering achievements Benefit to public (health, safety, commerce, etc.) One “monument” selected to represent each “achievement” Civil Engineering Monuments of the Millennium* *As determined by ASCE

  4. Airport Design and Development • Kansai International Airport • In Osaka Bay, Japan • Opened Sept. 1994 • 25 mill. passengers/day • Functions 24 hours/day without violating noise regulations

  5. Dams • Hoover Dam • Competed in 1935 • Electricity for 1.3 million • Irrigation for 1.5 million acres • Named Modern CE Wonder of the World in 1955

  6. Interstate Highway System • Established by President Dwight D. Eisenhower • 42,800 miles of limited access road • Based on Pennsylvania Turnpike (1940) • Carries 20% of nation’s traffic • Estimated to have saved $6 for every $1 spent Modern Interstate highway Capital Beltway, mid-1960’s

  7. Long-Span Bridges • Golden Gate Bridge • Took 17 years to plan and 4 years to build • Opened in 1937 • Main span is 4200 ft. • Uses enough cable to circle the earth 3 times

  8. Rail Transportation • Eurotunnel Rail System • Three 5’-thick concrete tunnels • Third tube for emergency and maintenance vehicles • 14’-wide double decker trains carry cars & buses • Cold water pipes remove friction heat from tracks

  9. Sanitary Landfills/Solid Waste Disposal • As countries urbanized, rural waste disposal practices led to problems • Odor • Rodents • Public health problems • Sanitary landfills first used in 1930’s or 1940’s to dispose of waste

  10. Skyscrapers • Empire State Building • Completed in 1931 • Built in 1 year, 45 days • 1250 feet tall • Tallest building in world for more than 40 years • In 1800’s, buildings mostly 16 stories or less • Bearing walls too thick • Lack of elevators, HVAC systems

  11. Wastewater Treatment • Chicago Wastewater System • In 1885, a cholera/typhoid epidemic kills 90,000 when a storm washes sewage into Lake Michigan • In 1900, engineers reverse flow of Chicago river, digging a 28 mile channel to Des Plaines River

  12. Water Supply and Distribution • California Water Project • A system of aqueducts, dams, reservoirs, and plants • Meets water resources needs of 2/3 of California’s population • Includes 660 miles of open canals & pipelines, 32 reservoirs, 17 pumping plants, 3 generating plants

  13. Water Transportation • Panama Canal • Began by French in 1875 • Continued by US in 1890 • Completed in 1914 • 50 miles long, from Atlantic (NW) to Pacific (SE) • Takes 8-10 hours to traverse • Saves 8000 miles of travel around South America

  14. Summary/Questions • Do these monuments truly cover the millennium? • What other “Achievements of the Millennium” would you designate? • What alternate “Monuments of the Millennium” would you designate? • Have CE’s introduced new problems with these “solutions”? How are these being addressed? • What would our world be like today without the contributions of Civil Engineers? • What future contributions will Civil Engineers make?

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