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Realism

Realism . 1820-1920. Realism: A 19 th century art movement originating in France, shared the same time frame for a short period with Romanticism. The term “realism” can be a challenge to define because there were many thoughts about it’s meaning at the time.

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Realism

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  1. Realism 1820-1920

  2. Realism: A 19th century art movement originating in France, shared the same time frame for a short period with Romanticism. • The term “realism” can be a challenge to define because there were many thoughts about it’s meaning at the time. • Realism embrace the concept of what was real to the artist- that which could be seen and touched, the reality within their lives.

  3. Points to know…. • Relists dismissed the historical and revival motivations of the earlier styles and settled on the everyday subject matter of their immediate world. • Subjects for artworks came from the mundane. • Mundane: 1: of, relating to, or characteristic of the world2: characterized by the practical, transitory, and ordinary :commonplace <the mundane concerns of day-to-day life. • Many times this was subject matter that would have been considered unworthy of depicting in a work of art in earlier periods. • The Realists subjects came from the working class. They were day laborers and peasants who were overlooked by the Renaissance, Neo-Classical and Romantic artist. • The realists captured these common folk in their everyday work environment. • The also focused on the impact of the Industrial Revolution on everyday life and the conditions face by the working class.

  4. Influences • Industrial Revolution 1848: A rapid major change in the economy marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery or by an important change in the prevailing types and methods of use of such machines. • Great time of “progress”. Changing times with industrialization, urbanization, new inventions, and theories. • These times influenced writers, scientist, artists, politicians, philosophers, and educators. • Charles Darwin wrote on “On The Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection”. • Presented a new concept of life on Earth.

  5. Influences Continued….. • Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels wrote on the Communist Manifesto • Urged the working class to overthrow capitalism. • The theories of Marx gave rise to socialism and the beginning of trade unions. • Socialism: any various economic and political theories advocating collective or government ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods.

  6. Influences cont…. • All of these factors influenced artists of the 19th and 20th centuries and challenged them in the creation of art. • Artist who moved forward adopted some of the current theory and philosophy and incorporated those beliefs into their own art work. • The result was an intense focus on the commonplace, capturing the every day existence of ordinary people.

  7. Artist • There were many well known artist during this time. • GustaveCorbet was one of the most popular • Other popular artist were: • Francois Millet • Honore Daumier • John Singer Sargent • EdouardManet • Thomas Ekins • Winslow Homer

  8. Francois MilletHaystacks: Autumn 1874

  9. Honore Daumier. St. Magdalene in the Desert. c. 1848-52. Oil on canvas.

  10. John Singer SargentLady Agnew of Lochnaw

  11. EdouradManet: Monet working on his boat

  12. Thomas Eakins (American, 1844-1916). John Biglin in a Single Scull, ca. 1873. Watercolor on off-white wove paper. 19 5/16 x 24 7/8 in. (49.2 x 63.2 cm). Fletcher Fund, 1924 (24.108). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

  13. Winslow Homer: Waiting for an answer

  14. Gustave Courbet 1819-1877 • Made a huge impact in the art world with his desire to record what real life looked like. • Courbet was born to prosperous farming family in France • His father tried to send him to law school but he wanted to paint • He studied art by copying pictures of artwork at the Louvre.

  15. Gustave Courbet cont…. • His choice of ordinary subject matter and realistic portrayals were at odds with many of the time. • Courbet believed that painter should paint during their own time period. • “painting is an essentially concrete art, and can consists only of representation of real and existing things”. • Many of his paintings were very large. • Is known to be the first to use a palette knife instead of a brush. • He applied paint thick.

  16. “The Artist Studio” was refused for an important exhibition, so he displayed it near the exhibition hall alone.

  17. A Burial at Omans

  18. EdouardManet 1832-1883 • Paris native • His images of modern urban life and sometimes scandalous subject matter broke new ground. • He painted subjects previously deemed unsuitable for high art and painted them in a new style that foreshadowed ideas of the modern painters. • Concerned with the properties of painting instead of the subject matter.

  19. EdouardManet cont…. • His work was often controversial • Is sometimes considered the father of impressionism • Bridged the gap between realism and impressionism. • Le Bar aux Folies-Bergere

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