Judicial Branch Powers

1. Judicial Branch Powers Interpret • ___________ laws • Do laws fit within U.S. Constitution guidelines • Conduct __________ • Protect the ________ of citizens brought before the Court • Rule on _____________ questions Trials rights Constitutional

2. Jurisdiction • Original Jurisdiction • Hear cases for the first time. This is where the trial takes place. • Appellate Jurisdiction • Hear only cases on appeal from lower courts. “Review” the trial of a lower court. This is not a new trial.

3. Federal Court System U.S. District Court LOWEST ONE • ________ level of the federal court system • Each state has at least ____ U.S. District court • The only federal court where there are ______ trials • Have “____________ jurisdiction”- hear cases for the ______ time (before a case can be heard by an appeals court or the Supreme Court it must be heard in District court) • Judges are appointed for _______ (unless they are guilty of a serious crime) JURY ORIGINAL FIRST LIFE

5. Federal Court System: U.S. Court of Appeals • Level between the District Courts and Supreme Court • There are ___ Courts of Appeals. Each court covers a ____________ (a geographical area of the U.S.). Virginia is in the 4th Circuit. • Have “____________ Jurisdiction”- They hear only cases on appeal from lower district courts. • Appeal- a ________ to a higher court to ______ or retry a case due to reasons like new _________ or the belief the judge did something __________ • Judges are appointed for ________ (unless they are guilty of a serious crime). 12 Circuit Appellate request review evidence wrong life

6. Federal Court System:U.S. Court of Appeals (cont) trials • There are no _________ in appeals court. Groups of judges hears arguments from lawyers from each side and _________ the case. No ____________ • No __________ • Three possible outcomes • ____________ lower court decision • ____________ lower court decision • ____________ the case (return the case to the lower court for a new trial) review witnesses jury Uphold Overturn Remand

7. U.S. Court of Appeals Circuits

8. Federal Court System:Special Federal Courts(info only, don’t write) U.S. Tax Court Appeals dealing with tax laws U.S. Court of Federal Claims Cases dealing with citizens who sue U.S. Gov.for money U.S. Court of Military Appeals Appeals court for military U.S. Court of International Trade Hears cases about tariffs and trade laws

9. Federal Court System:Supreme Court Highest • _____________ Court in the land • Has ____________ Jurisdiction- hears appeals from lower courts. Does not hear _____ cases appealed to the court. Supreme Court decisions cannot be ___________ • Has __________ Jurisdiction in two instances: Court can hear cases involving _____________ from foreign countries and cases in which a _________ is involved. Appellate all appealed Original diplomats state

10. Supreme Court Judicial • Supreme Court has the power of “________ Review”- Court can review any federal or state law to see if it agrees with the U.S. ________________. • If a law or action is in conflict with the ___________ (unconstitutional) the Supreme Court can ____________ or cancel the law or action Constitution constitution nullify

11. Marbury v. Madison • U.S. Supreme Court case of early 1800s which established the court’s power of _____________ _________ • Review _____ and ______ to see if they fit within the _____________ • Case established the Supreme Court’s power to ___________ the meaning of the U.S. Constitution Review Judicial laws acts Constitution interpret

12. Types of cases heard by Federal Courts disagree • Civil cases- cases where two parties ______ over an issue. • Criminal cases- cases in which the court (judge or jury) determines if an individual has ________ a crime. • Cases involving the Federal government- cases where the __________ is one of the parties involved committed government

13. Types of cases heard by Federal Courts • Constitutional questions- if a party feels his or her constitutional _______ have been violated • Disputes between citizens of different states- If one party is a resident of one ______ and the other party is a resident of _________. • Federal laws- cases where someone is accused of ________ crimes. Also includes civil cases rights state another federal

14. Types of cases heard by Federal Courts foreign • Disputes involving ___________ governments- cases involving a foreign country and the U.S, an American citizen, or an American company • Admiralty and maritime law- cases involving crimes or accidents on the ________________ • Cases involving foreign diplomats or U.S. diplomats- cases where __________are accused of breaking U.S. laws. high seas diplomats

15. Federal Crimes • Accounting Fraud • Antitrust • Bank Fraud • Bankruptcy Fraud • Computer Crimes • Computer Hacking • Controlled Substance Violations • Conspiracy • Corporate Crimes • Counterfeiting • Customs Violations • Drug Manufacturing • Drug Possession/Sales • Drug Trafficking • Espionage • Export/Import Crimes • Gun Law Violations • Health Care Fraud • Immigration Law Violations • Internet Fraud • Kidnapping • Mail Fraud • Money Laundering • Multi-Level Marketing • Securities Fraud • Social Security Fraud • Tax Crimes • Terrorism • Weapons Charges • Wire fraud