關係代名詞之使用

1. 關係代名詞之使用

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3. 定義: 關係代名詞所引導的句子 稱為關係子句，其目的是 為了修飾前面的名詞，因 此又稱為形容詞子句。其 被修飾的名詞文法上稱做 「先行詞」而關係代名詞 是兼有「代名詞」與「連 接詞」雙重作用的名詞。 藉由關係代名詞同學可利 用更長的句子修飾主詞。

4. 1.先行詞是人的關係代名詞是who(主格)、whom(受格)、1.先行詞是人的關係代名詞是who(主格)、whom(受格)、 whose(所有格)。而此三者的使用選擇則是根據關係子句 中所缺少的詞來判定。若缺少主詞則補上主詞， 缺少受 詞補受格，缺少所有格則補上所有格。而that則可代替 who以及whom。 例句: The boy who (that) is standing at the door is my brother. (站在門口的那個男孩是我的弟弟) who (主格) + 動詞 (is standing)

5. The boy whom (that) you met yesterday is my brother. (昨天你遇見的那個男生是我弟弟) whom (受格) + 主詞 (you) +動詞 (met) The boy whose name is Jacky is my brother. (那個名叫Jacky的男生是我弟弟) whose (受格) + 名字 (name) 2. 先行詞是「物」或「動物」的關係代名詞是which(主 格)、 whose(所有格)、 which(受格)， 關係代名詞that可 代替which(主格、受格)。

6. 例句: The book which (that) has many color pictures is very interesting. (裡面有許多彩色圖畫的那本書很有趣) which (主格) + 動詞 (has) The book which (that) I bought yesterday is very interesting. (我昨天買的那本書很有趣) which (受格) + I (主詞) + bought (動詞) The book whose cover is red is very interesting. (那本封面是紅色的書很有趣) whose (所有格) + 名詞 (cover)

7. 下列情形關係代名詞必須用that • 先行詞含有人 + 動物 • 先行詞有最高級形容詞來修飾 • 先行詞有序數、all、any、the only修飾 • 句首疑問詞是Who、 Which、 What時

8. Key Point注意事項 受詞的省略 That的限制 限定與非限定用法

9. 受詞的省略 * 關係代名詞當受詞用時通常可以省略， 但若其前面有介 系詞或逗點時，則不可以省略。 例句: 1. The girl whom (that) you saw yesterday is my sister. The girl you saw yesterday is my sister. (省略whom) 2. The pen which (that) I lost is yellow. The pen I lost is yellow. (省略which) 3. Do you like the house in which John lives? in 是介系詞不可省略which

10. That的限制 * 若是關係代名詞在介系詞或是逗點之後不可使用 關係 代名詞that代替who或是which 例句 1. I like the apartment in that Mary lives. ( X ) I like the apartment in which Mary lives. ( O ) (我喜歡瑪莉住的那棟公寓) 2. I like the apartment, that is big and new. ( X ) I like the apartment, which is big and new. ( O ) (我喜歡這房子，這房子又大又新)

11. 限定用法與非限定用法的區別 * 關係代名詞前面沒有逗點(，)者為限定用法，若有逗 點則為非限定用法(補述用法)。此時關係子句只做補 充說明先行詞使用。 例句: 1. 「限定用法」: I have a brother who lives in Taipei. 我有一個住在台北的哥哥。 哥哥不只一個 2. 「非限定用法」: I have a brother, who lives in Taipei. 我有一個哥哥，他住在台北。 哥哥只有一個

12. Practice 隨堂練習 • 文法選擇---Choose the best answer for each question • ( ) He is the student _____ mother is a doctor. • ( a. who b. which c. whom d. whose ) • 2. ( ) The man to _____ I talked is John’s father. • ( a. whom b. X c. that d. who ) • ( ) The house in _____ he lives is very big. • ( a. where b. that c. which d. it ) • ( ) Look at the man and the dog _____ are running • to the park. ( a. who b. which c. that d. X ) D A C C

13. 填空---Fill in the blanks • Who is the girl is talking to Tom? • 那位正在和湯姆談話的女孩是誰? • 2. The piano I bought two days ago is very expensive. • 我兩天前買的那架鋼琴很貴。 • 3. All the students are in my class are excellent. • 我們班上同學表現都很好。 • 4. He has two sisters, work in the hospital. • 他有兩個姊姊 ，他們都在醫院工作 that which (X) that who

14. 翻譯---Translation • 那個穿著T-shirt的男孩是我弟弟。 • 那隻正在沙發上睡覺的小貓是John的。 • 我住在高雄唯一的姐姐是一位歌手。 • 4. 他住在台北的哥哥今年二十五歲。 The boy who is wearing a T-shirt is my brother. The cat which is sleeping on the sofa is John’s. My sister, who lives in Kaohsiung, is a singer. His brother who lives in Taipei is twenty-five years old.

15. 看圖回答問題 1. Who is the man that is wearing a brown tie? 2. The man who is standing is . 3. The only girl that is standing is . 4. The man who is sitting next to the woman is _______ . Peter Jane John Tom John Peter Jane Tom