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The Enlightening & Energizing Epistemologist

Explore the profound ideas of Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke, Voltaire, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Discover how their beliefs in inalienable rights and societal change shaped history.

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The Enlightening & Energizing Epistemologist

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  1. The Enlightening & Energizing Epistemologist

  2. Word of the Day: Inalienable Rights A right according to natural law, a right that cannot be taken away, denied, or transferred Dictionary.com

  3. Word of the Day: Epistemology Epistemology is the study of knowledge. Epistemologists concern themselves with learning, investigating methods and limits of human knowledge.

  4. Copy and answer the Regent’s Prep Question • “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” The ideas expressed in the quotation are based primarily on the writings of.. A .Niccolo Machiavelli B. John Locke C. Charlemagne D. Charles Darwin Answer: John Locke

  5. Jean-Jacque Rousseau • A French philosopher that said government should express the will, or desire, of the people. • He said citizens give the government the power to make and enforce laws. • But if these laws do not serve the people, the government should give up its power.

  6. Jean-Jacques Rousseau First copy down the information above in your on your Jean-Jacques Rousseau station’s paper. Secondly, create an “I-Am Poem”, Bubble or Block Letter Mind map Poster, or Rap that conveys the belief system of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and how he was instrumental in changing society. Ensure that it is colorful , grammatical correct and thought-provoking.

  7. Voltaire He is known to be the first thinker to try to write a history of the world based on cultural, political and economic facts rejecting any kind of theological framework. Voltaire's works on history, most notably The Age of Louis XIV (1751), and Essay on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations (1756) helped to deviate historiography from the narration of great deeds performed by great man, of wars, and of Eurocentrism. I. First copy down the information above in your on your Voltaire station paper.II. Secondly, create an “I-Am Poem”, Bubble or Block Letter MindmapPoster, or Rap that conveys the belief system of Voltaire and how he was instrumental in changing society. Ensure that it is colorful , grammatical correct and thought-provoking. Resources: The European Graduate School. http://www.egs.edu/library/voltaire/biography/

  8. Today’s Agenda: 12/2/2016 Enlightenment • Starter • Computer Time 1. Enlightenment Enrichment Regents Prep 2. Narrative-Make-Up assignment (Only the one’s who did not complete theirs.)

  9. Mad Minutes Answers • A • C • B • C • D • D • A • C

  10. Enlightenment Responses I believe that the 1600’s and the 1700’s were called the Age of Enlightenment because ______________________________________________________________. Also, _______________________________________________________________. It was ______________________________________________________________. That’s why I believe the Age of Enlightenment was___________________________.

  11. Enlightenment Responses 2. I believe that our country would not have gained its independence from England if it hadn’t been for the Age of Enlightenment because ______________________________________________________________. Leaders such as __________________________________________helped inspire___________________________________________________. That’s why I believe the Age of Enlightenment helped America gain their independence from England!

  12. Closing Activity: 12/1/2016 Enlightenment: Answer our Essential Question “How did epistemologists like Voltaire, Jean Jacque Rousseau, Thomas Paine, John Locke and Thomas Jefferson inspire others to strive for- “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness”?

  13. Do Now: Write down key words that will help you answer the question. Next, collaborate with your group. Finally, answer the question and provide evidence why your group selected that answer. • Speaker A: The story of history is the story of class struggles. Revolution is necessary to overthrow the ruling class and eventually create a classless society in which no one will be exploited. • Speaker B: The royal power is absolute and the prince need render account of his acts to no one. Where the word of a king is, there is no power. Without this absolute authority, the king could neither do good nor repress evil. • Speaker C: Government should leave business alone. It should let the natural law of supply and demand determine what gets produced, how much gets produced, who does the work, the price of goods, rates of pay, and all other economic questions. • Speaker D: Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. It is the duty of every government to preserve and protect these natural inalienable rights. Which speaker expresses the views of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau? (Regent’s test question)

  14. Today’s I Can Statement: I can identify how epistemologist such as Voltaire & Thomas Paine inspired men to stand up for equality and “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness”. Enduring Understanding: The source of political power in a society does not always rest in the hands of governmental authority!

  15. “I’m In The Americas!” is Past Due!

  16. Essential Question: How did epistemologist such as Voltaire,Thomas Paine, John Locke, and Thomas Jefferson inspire others to strive for “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness”?

  17. Do Now: Explain this metaphorical phrase- “I once was blind, but now I see.” What do you think a period of history called the Enlightenment would be about?

  18. Today’s Activity: “King John Signs the Magna Carta” Annotation Time • Number your article (15 Sections) • Read the article, jot down and define any unfamiliar terms on the back of your handout . • Read the questions and Re-Read the article • Answer the questions by….. • Underlining your evidence • Writing down the number of the paragraph or small section that correlates with your answer.

  19. Today’s Activity: Discovery Eduction Time Write 10 facts that completely surprised you! ☺ Interesting Topics: •  Voltaire—14:29 • The Church & Black Magic---22:35 • Book Accessability-26:00

  20. Hook: • “Darkness into the Light” Reading or Visual Activity” Copy & Read the Chart: Key of Enlightenment Ideas p. 359 (Yes, the chart on page 359 ☺)

  21. Discovery Ed. Introduction Write 10 facts that completely surprised you! ☺ • https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/videos/275F6892-43DB-4151-8C0E-13821A4C9170 • https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/videos/468BA84E-BA64-4A49-AD03-65110C8E5B56 Interesting Topics: •  Voltaire—14:29 • The Church & Black Magic---22:35 • Book Accessability-26:00

  22. Enlightenment p. 359 Read pages 358-359 and answer the following questions on a blank sheet of paper: • What was the “Enlightenment?” • Who was John Locke? Why was he important? 3. Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau? What ideas did he promote?

  23. Google. Regentsprep.org if you have difficulties getting onto the website. Ensure that you are utilizing the webquest http://regentsprep.org/regents/global/themes/goldenages/enlight.cfm *Define each term and describe each philosopher that is mentioned in the web quest. • What was the impact of the Enlightenment Era? • Explain how the monarchs reacted to the Enlightenment Era. Web-Quest Time!!!

  24. Francis Bacon: The Father of the Enlightenment Era • Unlike the doctrines of Aristotle and Plato, Bacon's approach placed an emphasis on experimentation and interaction, culminating in "the commerce of the mind with things." He believed that when approached this way, science could become a tool for the betterment of mankind. "eventually disclose and bring into sight all that is most hidden and secret in the universe. • Resource: bio.com

  25. Rene’ Derscates: The 2nd Father of the Enlightenment Era “René Descartes is often credited with being the “Father of Modern Philosophy.” This title is justified due both to his break with the traditional Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy.” He believed in the mechanistic approach. A Philosophy that is “based on final causal explanations with a system based on mechanistic principles.” IEP.com

  26. John Locke-Station • An English philosopher who thought government should be a contract between a ruler and the people that limits the ruler’s power. • He also believed all people had certain natural rights, such as life, liberty, and property. • If a ruler did not protect these natural rights, people had the right to change rulers. I. First copy down the information above in your Social Studies Notebook about John Locke. II. Secondly, create an “I-Am Poem”, Newspaper article, Bubble or Block Letter poster, or Rap that conveys the belief system of John Locke and how he was instrumental in changing society. Ensure that it is colorful , grammatical correct and thought-provoking.

  27. Jean-Jacque Rousseau-Station • A French philosopher that said government should express the will, or desire, of the people. • He said citizens give the government the power to make and enforce laws. • But if these laws do not serve the people, the government should give up its power. I. First copy down the information above in your Social Studies Notebook about Jean-Jacque Rousseau. II. Secondly, create an “I-Am Poem”, Bubble or Block Letter poster, Rap that conveys the belief system of Jean-Jacque Rousseau and how he was instrumental in changing society. Ensure that it is colorful , grammatical correct and thought-provoking.

  28. Voltaire-Station He is known to be the first thinker to try to write a history of the world based on cultural, political and economic facts rejecting any kind of theological framework. Voltaire's works on history, most notably The Age of Louis XIV (1751), and Essay on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations (1756) helped to deviate historiography from the narration of great deeds performed by great man, of wars, and of Eurocentrism. I. First, copy down the information above in your Social Studies Notebook about Voltaire. II. Secondly, create a newspaper article, an essay, I Am Poem, or song commenting on Voltaire’s point of view about “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit” of Happiness!”

  29. Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes main concern is the problem of social and political order: how human beings can live together in peace and avoid the danger and fear of civil conflict.  Resources: http://www.iep.utm.edu/hobmoral/

  30. Magna Carta (1215)-Station • English Document • Limited the power of the monarchy (kings and queens) • Identified people’s rights to property • Established people’s rights to trial by a jury Create an “I Am Poem” , Rap, or Poster that conveys how the Magna Carta changed society and inspired philosophers’ such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau to strive for “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness!”

  31. Magna Carta (1215) • English Document • Limited the power of the monarchy (kings and queens) • Identified people’s rights to property • Established people’s rights to trial by a jury

  32. THE U.S. DECLARATION OFINDEPENDENCE (1776) • American Document • Declared that people have natural rights that governments must protect • Argued that people have the right to replace their governments

  33. THE FRENCH DECLARATIONOF THE RIGHTS OF MAN ANDOF THE CITIZEN (1789) • French Document • Stated that the French government received its power from the people • Strengthened individual rights and equality among citizens

  34. THE ENGLISHBILL OF RIGHTS (1689) • English Document • Outlawed cruel and unusual punishment • Guaranteed free speech for members of Parliament

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