Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

1. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe UNSCR 1540: Opportunities for regional co-operation Vasyl Pokotylo FSC Chair’s Coordinator on Non-Proliferation Issues Adriana Volenikova OSCE Conflict Prevention Centre

2. Contents • UNSCR 1540 in brief • Developments at the OSCE • Implementation of UNSCR 1540, an opportunity for • regional co-operation

3. UNSCR 1540 – Strategic Objective • A response to the risk that non-State actors may acquire, develop, traffic in or use nuclear, chemical or biological weapons and their means of delivery; as well as related materials • Adopted on 28 April 2004 by the UNSC, followed by UNSCR 1673 (2006), 1810 (2008), 1977 (2011) and 2055 (2012) • www.un.org/sc/1540

4. UNSCR 1540 Snapshot • Covers nuclear, chemical and biological weapons and their means of delivery, as well as related materials • Related materials: materials, equipment and technology covered by relevant treaties and arrangements, or included on national control lists, which could be used for weapons of mass destruction purposes • All States shall refrain from providing any form of support to non-State actors that attempt to develop, acquire, manufacture, possess, transport, transfer or use NCB weapons and their means of delivery

5. UNSCR 1540 Mechanism • Co-operation with IROs • UNSCR 1977 offers new perspectives and opportunities to enhance and strengthen the support provided to the 1540 Committee • The Security Council encourages relevant international, regional and sub-regional organizations to enhance co-operation and information sharing with the 1540 Committee on technical assistance and all other issues of relevance for the implementation of resolution 1540 (UNSCR 1977, OP 18)

6. OSCE Milestones on WMD • 1994: Principles Governing Non-proliferation • (currently being updated) • 2004: Adoption of UNSCR 1540 • 2005: Special FSC meeting on Non-proliferation • 2006: Workshop on Implementation of UNSCR 1540, and • FSC Decision: Furthering exchanges of views • 2009: Strong Mandate from the Athens MC Decision and Declaration on Non-proliferation • 2010: A four-year extra-budgetary project to support regional implementation of UNSCR 1540

7. OSCE Milestones on WMD • 2011: OSCE “Workshop to Identify the Proper Role of the OSCE in facilitation of UNSCR 1540” • 2011: Vilnius Ministerial Council Decisions – to further identify and strengthen the OSCE role • 2011: List of Points of Contact (FSC Decision) – shared with the 1540 Committee (47 PoC) • Security Dialogues at the FSC on National Action Plans of Belarus, Serbia and Kyrgyzstan

8. OSCE increases practical activities • FSC Chairperson’s Co-ordinator on Non-Proliferation Issues appointed in July 2012 • Closer co-operation and collaboration with the EU in development (on non-proliferation as well as CBRN risk mitigation) • Annual Work Plans 2011/2012/2013 • Memorandum of Understanding between OSCE and UN (2011-2014), partnership through UNODA, led by the 1540 Committee and its Group of Experts

9. OSCE increases practical activities • Regional Workshops: • Central Asia, Kazakhstan (2011) • Baltic Sea region, Lithuania (2012) • CIS countries, Minsk, Belarus (2013) • SEE region, Belgrade, Serbia (2013) • Series of Workshops for four OSCE regions (2011/2012) • Customs and licensing authorities • Croatia, Malta, Turkmenistan, Ukraine • Staff-level Round Table Meeting with IGOs (2012) • Co-ordination needs and practices • Training course on UNSCR 1540 Implementation (2012) • OSCE Border Management Staff College, Dushanbe

10. OSCE support to the 1540 Committee • CPC provides assistance (upon request) to participating States on the development of 1540 NAPs/Strategies • Belarus (adopted by the government in May 2012) • Kyrgyzstan (adopted by the government in April 2013) • Serbia (adopted by the government in April 2012) • Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kazakhstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan • Other interested participating States in pipeline

11. OSCE support to the 1540 Committee • National Implementation Action Plans on UNSCR 1540 • OSCE interested participating States • Country-specific activities: • National round tables on implementation / analysis of opportunities • One-week expert drafting sessions held in Vienna • National action plan/strategy finalized by the national authorities • Plan adopted at a national level, and • Submitted to the 1540 Committee and to the OSCE • Implementation phase

12. Refraining from support to non-State Actors Adopt and enforce effective laws Effective control measures Implement effective national control lists Increased awareness Dialogue and co-operation Assistance element To develop, acquire, possess, transport… Criminalization of WMD-related activities Safety and security, border and customs controls Update, harmonize with EU and other regimes, as appropriate Inter-agency co-ordination, outreach with industry and civil society Bilateral, multilateral initiatives Clearing house role of the 1540 Committee Set up of a National Action Plan: operative paragraphs of UNSCR 1540

13. Role and Accomplishments of the OSCE: • Platform for co-operation and dialogue (FSC) • Exchange of information (PoC on UNSCR 1540) • Promote national co-ordination and legislative improvements (through voluntary NAP development) • Provide expertise/share experience (Handbook of Best Practice Guides, Peer review) • Capacity building (Training Course at the BMSC, tailored workshops)

14. QUESTIONS?