Which does not affect coastal topography?

2. Which does not affect coastal topography? Plate tectonics Population Glaciers Climate Offshore coral reefs

3. Which does not affect coastal topography? Plate tectonics Population Glaciers Climate Offshore coral reefs

4. Which is a serious coastal hazard? Storm surge Tsunamis All of these are serious coastal hazards Strong coastal currents Coastal erosion

5. Which is a serious coastal hazard? Storm surge Tsunamis All of these are serious coastal hazards Strong coastal currents Coastal erosion

6. The size of waves in the ocean or on a lake depend on the speed and duration of the wind and length of the fetch. the speed of the wind, distance from shore, and length of the fetch. the direction and duration of the wind, and distance from shore. the direction and speed of the wind and distance from shore. the direction and duration of the wind and length of the fetch.

7. The size of waves in the ocean or on a lake depend on the speed and duration of the wind and length of the fetch. the speed of the wind, distance from shore, and length of the fetch. the direction and duration of the wind, and distance from shore. the direction and speed of the wind and distance from shore. the direction and duration of the wind and length of the fetch.

8. Which does not describe the size and movement of a wave? Wavelength All these describe the size and movement of a wave Wave period Swell Wave height

9. Which does not describe the size and movement of a wave? Wavelength All these describe the size and movement of a wave Wave period Swell Wave height

10. If you were watching waves from the shore and started counting the seconds between one crest to the next, what would you be measuring? Wave height Wavelength Wave period Wave energy Wave speed

11. If you were watching waves from the shore and started counting the seconds between one crest to the next, what would you be measuring? Wave height Wavelength Wave period Wave energy Wave speed

12. If you placed a small boat in waves in the open ocean (not near the shoreline) what would the motion of the boat be? Circular pattern, slowly moving out to sea Up and down, slowly moving out to sea Up and down, slowly moving towards shoreline Circular pattern, slowly moving towards the shoreline Circular pattern, staying mostly in the same place

13. If you placed a small boat in waves in the open ocean (not near the shoreline) what would the motion of the boat be? Circular pattern, slowly moving out to sea Up and down, slowly moving out to sea Up and down, slowly moving towards shoreline Circular pattern, slowly moving towards the shoreline Circular pattern, staying mostly in the same place

14. The figure demonstrates the process of wave breaking. refraction. swells. plunging. spilling.

15. The figure demonstrates the process of wave breaking. refraction. swells. plunging. spilling.

16. The parallel transport of sediment by ocean currents is referred to as sand drift. beach drift. longshore drift. updrift. downdrift.

17. The parallel transport of sediment by ocean currents is referred to as sand drift. beach drift. longshoredrift. updrift. downdrift.

18. Changes in air temperature can affect the global sea level through melting ice on land. thermal contraction. thermal expansion. All of these are ways the air temperature can affect the global sea level. increasing snowfall.

19. Changes in air temperature can affect the global sea level through melting ice on land. thermal contraction. thermal expansion. All of these are ways the air temperature can affect the global sea level. increasing snowfall.

20. Rapid changes in relative seal level can contribute to hazards from storm surge. It can contribute to all of these. coastal flooding. coastal erosion. offshore currents.

21. Rapid changes in relative seal level can contribute to hazards from storm surge. It can contribute to all of these. coastal flooding. coastal erosion. offshore currents.

22. Which of these areas is not at risk for coastal hazards? Colorado River Hawaii Canadian provinces bordering the Great Lakes Great Salt Lake Gulf coast of U.S.

23. Which of these areas is not at risk for coastal hazards? Colorado River Hawaii Canadian provinces bordering the Great Lakes Great Salt Lake Gulf coast of U.S.

24. The figure shows an example of hurricane paths that caused erosion on the barrier island. rip current patterns off the barrier island. continual change and relocation of a barrier island. longshore currents for littoral transport of the barrier island. oil spill movement around the barrier island.

25. The figure shows an example of hurricane paths that caused erosion on the barrier island. rip current patterns off the barrier island. continual change and relocation of a barrier island. longshore currents for littoral transport of the barrier island. oil spill movement around the barrier island.

26. Why is a rip current so dangerous? It can pull swimmers under the water There is no distinguishing characteristics to identify it It is a very wide area that is hard to avoid It pulls swimmers out to sea in the fast current It is a dangerous tide called a riptide

27. Why is a rip current so dangerous? It can pull swimmers under the water There is no distinguishing characteristics to identify it It is a very wide area that is hard to avoid It pulls swimmers out to sea in the fast current It is a dangerous tide called a riptide

28. What is the purpose of a beach budget? Keep track of the guests Visualize erosion at a particular beach Map the rip currents Create funds for restoration Build funds for coastal hazard prevention

29. What is the purpose of a beach budget? Keep track of the guests Visualize erosion at a particular beach Map the rip currents Create funds for restoration Build funds for coastal hazard prevention

30. Which is not a human activity that increases the erosion of sea cliffs and lakeshore bluffs? High waves hitting the cliff/bluff Increased runoff from urbanization Building a wall on top of the cliff/bluff Building a swimming pool on the cliff/bluff Watering a lawn on top of the cliff/bluff

31. Which is not a human activity that increases the erosion of sea cliffs and lakeshore bluffs? High waves hitting the cliff/bluff Increased runoff from urbanization Building a wall on top of the cliff/bluff Building a swimming pool on the cliff/bluff Watering a lawn on top of the cliff/bluff

32. After an oil spill, what is needed to predict the movement of the oil along the beaches and in salt marshes? The effects of the oil on life on beaches and salt marshes Direction and rate of longshore transport Wave height and frequency How far inland tidal flow inundates salt marshes All of these are needed to predict the movement

33. After an oil spill, what is needed to predict the movement of the oil along the beaches and in salt marshes? The effects of the oil on life on beaches and salt marshes Direction and rate of longshore transport Wave height and frequency How far inland tidal flow inundates salt marshes All of these are needed to predict the movement

34. Which is not a linkage between coastal processes and other natural hazards? Erosion from hurricanes Landslides from water erosion Earthquakes change the shape of the coastline Subduction zones created from coastal erosion Tsunamis change the shape of the coastline

35. Which is not a linkage between coastal processes and other natural hazards? Erosion from hurricanes Landslides from water erosion Earthquakes change the shape of the coastline Subduction zones created from coastal erosion Tsunamis change the shape of the coastline

36. What is a natural service function of coastal processes? Remove houses that are too close to the water. Form beaches from coastal erosion. Create rip currents to discourage water activities in a dangerous area. Damage coastal areas so that further development will not take place. None of these are natural service functions.

37. What is a natural service function of coastal processes? Remove houses that are too close to the water. Form beaches from coastal erosion. Create rip currents to discourage water activities in a dangerous area. Damage coastal areas so that further development will not take place. None of these are natural service functions.

38. Which is not a way human interference with natural shore processes has caused considerable coastal erosion? Destruction of coastal dunes for building sites Altering barrier islands by human use Building coastal engineering structures Building seawalls to protect property Improperly attaching building materials

39. Which is not a way human interference with natural shore processes has caused considerable coastal erosion? Destruction of coastal dunes for building sites Altering barrier islands by human use Building coastal engineering structures Building seawalls to protect property Improperly attaching building materials

40. Which is not a way to minimize the effects of coastal hazards? Build groins Beach nourishment Replace vegetation with sand Build seawalls Build breakwaters and jetties

41. Which is not a way to minimize the effects of coastal hazards? Build groins Beach nourishment Replace vegetation with sand Build seawalls Build breakwaters and jetties

42. Why may seawalls not be the best way to minimize the effect of coastal hazards? They only work well at the base of cliffs. All of these are reason they may not be the best to minimize coastal hazard effect. They help with beach preservation. They generally cause environmental and aesthetic degradation. They cost more than any other structure.

43. Why may seawalls not be the best way to minimize the effect of coastal hazards? They only work well at the base of cliffs. All of these are reason they may not be the best to minimize coastal hazard effect. They help with beach preservation. They generally cause environmental and aesthetic degradation. They cost more than any other structure.

44. Which of the following is a form of soft stabilization? Beach nourishment Jetties Breakwaters Seawalls Groins

45. Which of the following is a form of soft stabilization? Beach nourishment Jetties Breakwaters Seawalls Groins

46. What is the best adjustment for shorelines with strong currents? Mitigate strong currents Harden the shoreline Develop on vegetated coastal areas Education about the hazards All of the answers are equally effective.

47. What is the best adjustment for shorelines with strong currents? Mitigate strong currents Harden the shoreline Develop on vegetated coastal areas Education about the hazards All of the answers are equally effective.

48. Which is a principle of coastal zone development? Any shoreline construction causes change. All of these are principles of coastal zone development. Stabilization of the coastal zone through engineering structures protects property, not the beach itself. Coastal erosion is a natural process rather than a natural hazard. Engineering structures designed to protect a beach may eventually destroy it.

49. Which is a principle of coastal zone development? Any shoreline construction causes change. All of these are principles of coastal zone development. Stabilization of the coastal zone through engineering structures protects property, not the beach itself. Coastal erosion is a natural process rather than a natural hazard. Engineering structures designed to protect a beach may eventually destroy it.