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Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug

This presentation explores the evolving nature of marijuana and its effects on teenagers. It examines the changing laws surrounding marijuana and highlights the emerging traffic safety issues associated with its use. The presentation also discusses the link between marijuana use and mental illness in young people.

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Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug

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  1. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug

  2. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug Prepared by John W. Palmer, Ph.D. for Presentation at the ADTSEA Annual Conference held in Burlington, VT July 2019 This presentation is designed to answer the following questions: Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana?

  3. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug This presentation is designed to answer the following questions: Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens than thirty year olds?

  4. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug This presentation is designed to answer the following questions: Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens than thirty year olds? What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA?

  5. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug This presentation is designed to answer the following questions: Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens than thirty year olds? What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA?

  6. Marijuana Not Your Grandfather’s Drug Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens than thirty year olds? What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use?

  7. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? The following is taken from a speech delivered on January 15, 2019, at Hillsdale College’s Allan P. Kirby, Jr. Center for Constitutional Studies and Citizenship in Washington, D.C. and published January 2019 • Volume 48, Number 1 • Imprimis By Alex Berenson Author, Tell Your Children: The Truth About Marijuana, Mental Illness, and Violence

  8. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? • Seventy miles northwest of New York City is a hospital that looks like a prison,…This grim facility is called the Mid-Hudson Forensic Psychiatric Institute. Until recently, my wife Jackie­—Dr. Jacqueline Berenson—was a senior psychiatrist there. Many of Mid-Hudson’s 300 patients are killers and arsonists. At least one is a cannibal.

  9. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? A couple of years ago, Jackie was telling me about a patient. In passing, she said something like, Of course he’d been smoking pot his whole life. Yes, they all smoke.

  10. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? • He and probably you have never heard the truth about marijuana, mental illness, violence and motor vehicle crashes.

  11. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? • Cannabis users today are also consuming a drug that is far more potent than ever before, as measured by the amount of THC—delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the chemical in cannabis responsible for its psychoactive effects—it contains.

  12. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? • In the 1970s most marijuana contained less than two percent THC. Today, marijuana routinely contains 20 to 25 percent THC.

  13. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? After an exhaustive review, the National Academy of Medicine found in 2017 that “cannabis use is likely to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia and other psychoses; the higher the use, the greater the risk.”

  14. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? In 2014 people who had diagnosable cannabis use disorder accounted for eleven percent of all the psychosis cases in emergency rooms—90,000 cases, 250 a day, triple the number in 2006.

  15. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? The first four states to legalize marijuana for recreational use were Colorado and Washington in 2014 and Alaska and Oregon in 2015. Combined, those four states had about 450 murders and 30,300 aggravated assaults in 2013.

  16. Why it’s not your grandfather’s Marijuana? The first four states to legalize marijuana for recreational use were Colorado and Washington in 2014 and Alaska and Oregon in 2015. Combined, those four states had about 450 murders and 30,300 aggravated assaults in 2013. Last year, they had almost 620 murders and 38,000 aggravated assaults—an increase of 37 percent for murders and 25 percent for aggravated assaults, far greater than the national increase, even after accounting for differences in population growth.

  17. Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens? Marijuana Age of First Use Makes a difference

  18. Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens? Federal Report: Marijuana Causes Mental Illness May 3, 2005 -- Children who use marijuana before age 12 are twice as likely to later develop serious mental illness as those who don't try the drug until they're 18, according to a federal report released Tuesday.

  19. Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens? Federal Report: Marijuana Causes Mental Illness May 3, 2005 -- Children who use marijuana before age 12 are twice as likely to later develop serious mental illness as those who don't try the drug until they're 18, according to a federal report released Tuesday. ….growing evidence that smoking marijuana may cause mental illnesses -- including depression, schizophrenia, and suicide attempts …21% of people who reported first using marijuana before age 12 also reported that they later went on to develop signs or symptoms of a serious mental illness.

  20. Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens? Federal Report: Marijuana Causes Mental Illness May 3, 2005 -- Children who use marijuana before age 12 are twice as likely to later develop serious mental illness as those who don't try the drug until they're 18, according to a federal report released Tuesday. ….growing evidence that smoking marijuana may cause mental illnesses -- including depression, schizophrenia, and suicide attempts Those who said they used the drug only after age 18 had a 10.5% chance of reporting similar problems.

  21. Is Marijuana’s impact greater for teens? Federal Report: Marijuana Causes Mental Illness May 3, 2005 -- Children who use marijuana before age 12 are twice as likely to later develop serious mental illness as those who don't try the drug until they're 18, according to a federal report released Tuesday. ….growing evidence that smoking marijuana may cause mental illnesses -- including depression, schizophrenia, and suicide attempts

  22. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA?

  23. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? Marijuana is still illegal at the federal level and remains classified as a Schedule I drug under the federal Controlled Substances Act.

  24. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? • The current status of state marijuana legalization is shown in the following map:

  25. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA?

  26. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? What is happening legislatively in 2019?

  27. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? What is happening legislatively in 2019? NCCI is tracking marijuana-related legislation in more than 20 states, as well as at the federal level (not expected to pass).

  28. What is the Status of Marijuana Laws in the USA? What is happening legislatively in 2019? NCCI is tracking marijuana-related legislation in more than 20 states, as well as at the federal level (not expected to pass). Regarding state legislative activity, as of April 1, an additional 15 states are considering legalizing recreational marijuana and 8 are considering legalizing medical marijuana.

  29. Marijuana is Everywhere • https://www.governing.com/gov-data/safety-justice/state-marijuana-laws-map-medical-recreational.html • https://www.marijuanadoctors.com/pending-legalization/ • https://www.ncci.com/Articles/Pages/II_Insights_MarijuanaFocusupdate.aspx

  30. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? • Some Selected Headlines Studies: Car accidents up in Colorado, other states with legalized recreational marijuana POSTED 6:44 AM, OCTOBER 19, 2018, BY CNN WIRE

  31. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? • Some Selected Headlines Exclusive: Traffic fatalities linked to marijuana are up sharply in Colorado. Is legalization to blame? Authorities say the numbers cannot be definitively linked to legalized pot By DAVID MIGOYA | dmigoya@denverpost.com | The Denver Post PUBLISHED: August 25, 2017 at 10:01 am | UPDATED: December 28, 2018 at 12:23 pm

  32. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? • Some Selected Headlines Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) -

  33. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Fatal Crashes Driver Tests Positive for THC Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) - Fatal Car Crashes Involving Pot Use Have Tripled in U.S., Study Finds Researchers note that increase included men and women, and all age groups FROM THE WEBMD ARCHIVES By Dennis Thompson HealthDay Reporter TUESDAY, Feb. 4, 2014 (HealthDay News) -

  34. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? “I never understood how we’d pass a law without first understanding the impact better,” said Barbara Deckert, whose fiancée, Ron Edwards, was killed in 2015 in a collision with a driver who tested positive for marijuana use below the legal limit and charged only with careless driving. “How do we let that happen without having our ducks in a row? And people are dying.”

  35. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Two studies presented at the Combating Alcohol- and Drug-Impaired Driving summit at the insurance institute’s Vehicle Research Center. The first study found that crashes are up as much as 6 percent in Colorado, Washington and Oregon, compared with neighboring states that haven’t legalized recreational use of weed. Researchers estimated the frequency of collision claims per insured vehicle year, controlling for differences in other factors that could contribute to an accident, including age, location, job status and weather, and still saw an increase.

  36. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Two studies presented at the Combating Alcohol- and Drug-Impaired Driving summit at the insurance institute’s VehicleResearch Center. The second study looked at the number of police-reported accidents before and after the legalization of recreational use of weed. The findings were similar: A 5.2 percent increase in crash rates after legalization than before weed was legal in those states.

  37. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Cannabis, alcohol and fatal road accidents Jean-Louis Martin , Blandine Gadegbeku, Dan Wu, Vivian Viallon, Bernard Lauren Published: November 8, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187320

  38. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Cannabis, alcohol and fatal road accidents Jean-Louis Martin , Blandine Gadegbeku, Dan Wu, Vivian Viallon, Bernard Lauren Published: November 8, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187320 This research aims to estimate the relative risks of responsibility for a fatal accident linked to driving under the influence of cannabis or alcohol, the prevalence of these influences among drivers and the corresponding attributable risk ratios. Results The proportion of persons driving under the influence of alcohol is estimated at 2.1% (95% CI: 1.4–2.8) and under the influence of cannabis at 3.4% (2.9%-3.9%). Drivers under the influence of alcohol are 17.8 times (12.1–26.1) more likely to be responsible for a fatal accident, and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever exceeded the legal limit for alcohol is estimated at 27.7% (26.0%-29.4%).

  39. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? Cannabis, alcohol and fatal road accidents Jean-Louis Martin , Blandine Gadegbeku, Dan Wu, Vivian Viallon, Bernard Lauren Published: November 8, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187320 This research aims to estimate the relative risks of responsibility for a fatal accident linked to driving under the influence of cannabis or alcohol, the prevalence of these influences among drivers and the corresponding attributable risk ratios. Results The proportion of persons driving under the influence of alcohol is estimated at 2.1% (95% CI: 1.4–2.8) and under the influence of cannabis at 3.4% (2.9%-3.9%). Drivers under the influence of alcohol are 17.8 times (12.1–26.1) more likely to be responsible for a fatal accident, and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever exceeded the legal limit for alcohol is estimated at 27.7% (26.0%-29.4%). Drivers under the influence of cannabis multiply their risk of being responsible for causing a fatal accident by 1.65 (1.16–2.34), and the proportion of fatal accidents which would be prevented if no drivers ever drove under the influence of cannabis is estimated at 4.2% (3.7%-4.8%)

  40. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? NHTSA and the Ad Council launch new campaign to combat marijuana-impaired driving: “If You Feel Different, You Drive Different” According to NHTSA’s most recent national roadside survey, between 2007-2013 there was a 48% increase in weekend nighttime drivers who tested positive for a form of cannabis.

  41. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? NHTSA and the Ad Council launch new campaign to combat marijuana-impaired driving: “If You Feel Different, You Drive Different” According to NHTSA’s most recent national roadside survey, between 2007-2013 there was a 48% increase in weekend nighttime drivers who tested positive for a form of cannabis. “It’s not safe or legal to drive under the influence, even if a state permits marijuana use. Marijuana can slow reaction times, impair judgment, and compromise the cognitive skills needed to drive safely.

  42. What are the Emerging traffic safety issues associated with Marijuana use? NHTSA and the Ad Council launch new campaign to combat marijuana-impaired driving: “If You Feel Different, You Drive Different” According to NHTSA’s most recent national roadside survey, between 2007-2013 there was a 48% increase in weekend nighttime drivers who tested positive for a form of cannabis. “It’s not safe or legal to drive under the influence, even if a state permits marijuana use. Marijuana can slow reaction times, impair judgment, and compromise the cognitive skills needed to drive safely. We’re here to encourage marijuana users to make smart choices and avoid getting behind the wheel after using marijuana. We want everyone to remember: “If you feel different, you drive different,” said Heidi R. King, NHTSA’s Deputy Administrator.

  43. Questions?

  44. Resources https://www.cbsnews.com/news/after-legalization-marijuana-related-er-visits-climb-at-colorado-hospital/ https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/strokeaha.112.671347 https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/does-marijuana-use-affect-driving https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/pdf/marijuana-driving-508.pdf https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/812440-marijuana-impaired-driving-report-to-congress.pdf https://www.denverpost.com/2017/08/25/colorado-marijuana-traffic-fatalities/ https://www.businessinsider.com/new-national-academies-sciences-report-marijuana-cannabis-health-effects-2017-1 https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/11/30/564993538/rare-and-mysterious-vomiting-illness-linked-to-heavy-marijuana-use

  45. Compton, R. (2017, July). Marijuana-Impaired Driving - A Report to Congress. (DOT HS 812 440). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. “2013-14 National Roadside Study of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers,” https://www.nhtsa.gov/behavioral-research/2013-14-national-roadside-study-alcohol-and-drug-use-drivers FeelDifferentDriveDifferent.org https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/marijuana-use-disorder-common-often-untreated https://www.rt.com/usa/316148-marijuana-related-deaths-injuries-study/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qumeyTWndnk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHv9flhRuX4

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