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BIOCHAIN WORKSHOP 2014 JAN27-29

BIOCHAIN WORKSHOP 2014 JAN27-29. Characterisation of the organic pools in biomass and the related biochemical methane potential (BMP). Ali Heidarzadeh. January 2014. Objectives.

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BIOCHAIN WORKSHOP 2014 JAN27-29

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  1. BIOCHAIN WORKSHOP 2014 JAN27-29 Characterisation of the organic pools in biomass and the related biochemical methane potential (BMP) Ali Heidarzadeh January 2014

  2. Objectives • Developing a method/instrument that in real time assess biochemical methane potential (BMP) of agricultural biomass • Developing a method to define the organic carbon pools affecting biogas production and GHG emission, and the change in pool size during anaerobic digestion.

  3. Activities Activity 1: Pretreatment effect Beet root and ensilage effect Activity 2: Running batch and pilot-scale CSTR Agricultural biomasses and manures, change in content of organic components and defining carbon pools in relation to degradability. Activity 3: Developing fast analytical methods NIR (Methane potential & organic pools) Activity 4: Effect of vegetation age BMP as affected by lignification and cellulose crystallization

  4. Types of Biomasses in WP3 • Agricultural crops and residues • Sewage • Municipal organic solid waste • Animal residues • Industrial organic waste • Forestry crops and residues Source: http://www.riomay.com/renewable-technologies/biomass-energy

  5. Types of Biomasses studied in my research • Livestock by-products • Animal manures • Abattoir • Agricultural Lignocellulosicbiomass • Energy crop (beetroots, maise, etc.) • Crop residues ( Straw, beet top etc.) Source: http://www.riomay.com/renewable-technologies/biomass-energy

  6. Activity 1 Objectives: • Effect of ensilage of beet root pulps on methane potentials and changes in organic pools for biogas production. • Effect of depth on beetroots pulp silagecharacteristics and BMP • Effect of silos type (close and open) on ensilagedbeetrootscharacteristics and BMP Table 1. Presenting the characterisation schedule of biomass in the study of beet root biogas production potential.

  7. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) BMP is reliable and simple method to obtain: • Extent of organic matter conversion • Rate of organic matter conversion The information from BMP test is useful when: • Assessing potential substrates • Optimizing the design of an anaerobic digester • Functioning of an anaerobic digester BMP application: • Methane production determination • Biodegradability

  8. Factors affecting BMP Inoculum Substrate Experimental and operationalconditions • pH • Inoculum to substrate ratio (I/S ratio) • Temperature • Mineral Medium

  9. BMP Protocol (German Standard Method, VDI 4630) Substrate Inhibition Inoculum pH To avoid the inhibition: • I/S ratio is at least 2/1 on the VS basis • Using buffer solution Minerals

  10. Inoculum (German Standard Method, VDI 4630) • Origin • Characterisation: pH, TS, VS, VFAs, TAN • Inoculum concentration between 15 and 20 gVS/L • VS content of inoculumshouldbe more than 50% of the solid content Physicochemicalanalysis

  11. Substrate (German Standard Method, VDI 4630) • Type (part and particlesize) • Amount and concentration at start-up of the experiment • The gas yield from substrateshouldmake up more than 80% of the total gas • The solid content of the batch should not exceeded 10% Fiber extraction Physicochemicalanalysis

  12. Control batch and gasquantification(German Standard Method, VDI 4630) Reference sample and control batch: • Not ferment tooquickly • Completelydegradedable • A gas quantityproduced in the control test shouldreach 80% of theoreticalvalue Gas quantification: • Total biogas mesurement: • Manometric, by pressure • Volumetric, by water displacement or gas counter • Gas bags • Syringe • Biogas composition: • Gas Chromatography (GC)

  13. VDI 4630 Conditions • Mesophilic, 37˚C or Thermophilic 55˚C • I/S ratio is at least 2/1 on the VS basis • Using buffer solution • Inoculum concentration between 15 and 20 gVS/L • VS content of inoculumshouldbe more than 50% of the solid content • The solid content of the batch should not exceeded 10%

  14. Activity 2 Objectives: • Studytransformation of organic components in biogas digesters • Provide kinetic constants for the dynamic biogas production model for WP1 and WP2 • Study effect of retention time and pretreatment • Evaluation of GHG with collaboration of and WP4 Table 2. Presenting the characterisation schedule of biomass in the CSTR study.

  15. Activity 3 Objectives: • Developing a robust model for rapid determination of BMP and related organic pools of animal manure using NIR. (FTIR-TGA may be tested) • Study of ultimate digestability and digestion rate of each organic pool in animal manure in anaerobic digestion. Obtaining NIR spectrausing a rotating sampler NIR spectra

  16. Activity 4 Objectives: • Study the effect of physiological age of plant biomass on lignification and cellulose crystallization • Study the effect of vegetation age of plant biomass contributing to a low BMP in old biomass • Characterisation by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetricanalysis (TGA) Table 3. Characterisation of samples included in the plant age test. Cellulose Crystallisation TGA Curve

  17. Thanks for your attention

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