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Mastering Nutrition for Seniors

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Mastering Nutrition for Seniors

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    1. 5/26/2012 Mastering Nutrition for Seniors Presented by Jane W Blosser MS RD AMC Chief Clinical Dietitian

    2. 5/26/2012 Increase In Aging Population U.S. Population Growing Older Number Over 65 Doubled Since 1950 Age Categories 55 to 64: Approaching Old Age 65 to 74: Young Old 75 to 84: Old 85 and older: Oldest Old

    3. 5/26/2012 Facts about Older Adults

    4. 5/26/2012 Facts about Older Adults Over 40% of hospital patients, 80% of home care patients, and 85% of nursing home residents are elderly A major focus of health promotion is to minimize the loss of independence associated with functional decline and illness (Rowe & Kahn, 1999)

    5. 5/26/2012 Importance of Nutrition In Aging Aging Is An Inevitable And Natural Process Good Nutrition And Physical Activity Can Improve The Quality Of Life Healthy Habits May Lower Disease Risk

    6. 5/26/2012 Nutrient Needs For Older Adults Same As For Most Healthy Younger Adults Food Guide Pyramid Best Tool To Get The Variety And Amount Of Nutrients Needed Older Adults Do Need To Pay Attention To Quality Of Foods - specifically nutrient density

    7. 5/26/2012 Calories Calorie Needs Decrease About 5% Per Decade After Age 50 Decrease in Physical Activity Decrease in Muscle Mass Decrease in Metabolism Need Careful Meal Planning to Adequate Nutrients In Fewer Calories

    8. 5/26/2012 Calorie Imbalance Weight Gain Risk For Many Health Problems Estimate Calories: Multiply Weight in Pounds by Activity Factor (10 sedentary or for weight loss; 12-13 moderately active; 15 active) Don’t go below 1200 calories Weight Loss Risk For Malnutrition

    9. 5/26/2012 Protein Protein is Important For Older Adults Maintain Healthy Cells Wound Healing Sustain Immune System Enzymes Prevent Muscle Wasting Hormones Adults Need 0.8 g/kg Older Adults May Need 1.0 to 1.25 g/kg

    10. 5/26/2012 Fat Fat Concentrated Source Of Energy Fat Has Some Important Roles Too Much Fat Increases Disease Risk Limit Fat To 30% Or Less Of Total Calories Limit Fat Intake By Choosing Lean, Cooking Lean, And Limiting Added and Hidden Sources Of Fat

    11. 5/26/2012 Carbohydrate Carbohydrate Foods Provide Energy, Vitamins, Minerals and Fiber 50 to 60% Of Total Calories From Carbohydrate 6 or More Bread, Cereal, Rice or Pasta Servings Daily and 5 or more Fruit and Vegetable Servings Daily

    12. 5/26/2012 Fiber Soluble and Insoluble Fiber Both Types Beneficial Food Is The Best Source Of Fiber 20g to 30g Fiber Daily Based on 14g Fiber per 1,000 Calories Follow Food Guide Pyramid Recommendations To Get Adequate Fiber

    13. 5/26/2012 Vitamins and Minerals Vitamin and Mineral Needs Are Similar To Younger Adults, With Some Differences Vitamin A Iron Vitamin D Vitamin B12 Calcium

    14. 5/26/2012 Vitamins and Minerals Older Adults Tend To Have Low Dietary Intakes Of Some Vitamins and Minerals Vitamin E Folate Magnesium Zinc

    15. 5/26/2012 Water Water More Critical To Life Than Food 6-8 Cups Of Water Daily 1 Milliliter Water/Calorie Water Can Be In Many Forms Caffeine Containing Beverages Can Increase Water Loss

    16. 5/26/2012 Water Older Adults Increased Risk For Dehydration Body Water Decreases With Age Medications Increase Water Loss Thirst Mechanism Not As Effective Self Limit Fluid Intake Decreased Mobility To Reach Fluids

    17. 5/26/2012 Vitamin/Mineral Supplements While It Is Possible To Get All The Nutrients Needed From Food, Many Older Adults Do Not Do So Many Factors Can Interfere With Consuming A Well-Balanced Diet Some Older Adults May Benefit From A Multi-vitamin/Multi-mineral Supplement

    18. 5/26/2012 Vitamin/Mineral Supplements Don’t Take Isolated Nutrients Unless Recommended By A Physician Don’t Take Large Doses Overdoses Easier With Supplements Supplements Can Not Make Up For A Poor Diet “Supplements” Not “Replacements”

    19. 5/26/2012 Medications Follow Recommendations Regarding Medications and Eating Some Medications Need To Be Consumed With Foods, Some Need To Be Consumed On An Empty Stomach Some Medications Interact with Foods, Nutrients, Or Can Affect Appetite

    20. 5/26/2012 Physical Changes Physical Changes With Aging Can Affect Food Intake Body Composition Strength and Energy Saliva Teeth

    21. 5/26/2012 Physical Changes Digestion Fat Intolerance Lactose Intolerance Constipation Thirst Taste and Smell Eyesight

    22. 5/26/2012 Psychological Changes Depression Common Among Older Adults Can Decrease Appetite And Decreased Motivation To Cook Or Eat Cooking or Eating May Not Seem Worthwhile

    23. 5/26/2012 Social Changes Loneliness Problem For Many Older Adults Can Decrease Appetite And Decreased Motivation To Cook Or Eat Monotonous Meals, Snacking, and Eating Easily Prepared and Softer Foods, Which Can Lead To a Poor Diet

    24. 5/26/2012 Economic Changes Many Older Adults Have Limited Incomes Which Can Decrease Diet Quality Less Money For Food Housing Facilities For Storing and Preparing Food Transportation To Shop

    25. 5/26/2012 Hot Topics Omega-3 Fatty Acids Soy Low Carbohydrate/High Protein Diets Meal Replacements

    26. 5/26/2012 Omega-3 Fatty Acid Benefits Decreases Cholesterol Levels Lowers risk for heart attacks and sudden cardiac arrest Decreases risk of atherosclerotic plaque Decreases Triglyceride Levels Decreases Blood Pressure

    27. 5/26/2012 Soy Benefits Fights Heart Disease Cancer Prevention Osteoporosis Prevention Postmenopausal/PMS Relief Diabetes Management

    28. 5/26/2012 Low CHO/High Protein Immediate weight loss due to loss of body water Dehydration Damaging to kidneys Missing vital vitamins and minerals Lower calories

    29. 5/26/2012 Meal Replacements Substitute a Meal Examples: Ensure, Boost, Glucerna, Carnation Instant Breakfast When to Use Trouble maintaining weight Lack of appetite Skipping meals Food First

    30. 5/26/2012 A New Breed Registered Dietitians in hospitals, clinic-based, long term care work with seniors who have chronic and acute illnesses Registered Dietitians in Public Health, Sports Nutrition, and with the Media See a New Breed of Healthy Active Seniors Research has proven that a Healthy Diet with sufficient whole grains, Fruits and Vegetables assist today’s active elderly to live to the fullest

    31. 5/26/2012 WOW (Working on Wellness) What Can a Community Do? Focus on Education and Healthy Choices Churches AARP Senior Programs (VAPAS, Meals on Wheels) Social Organizations Food Bank Restaurants

    32. 5/26/2012 Education Information on Appropriate Choices Motivation to maintain the Balance Availability of Nutrient Dense Food

    33. 5/26/2012 Summary Vast Majority of Resources go to Treat Seniors with Chronic Medical Issues Good Economic Sense to Focus Education and Availability of Healthy Choices on them Motivation is the key It ‘s Everyone’s Responsibility The Solution is in a Concentrated, Collaborative Effort of All Concerned

    34. 5/26/2012

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