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Garcia’s Taste Aversion Study. Group I: tasty water-->nausea great learning Group II: bright/noisy water->shock great learning Group III: tasty water-> shock no learning Group IV: bright/noisy water->nausea no learning. Learned Helplessness.
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Garcia’s Taste Aversion Study • Group I: tasty water-->nausea • great learning • Group II: bright/noisy water->shock • great learning • Group III: tasty water-> shock • no learning • Group IV: bright/noisy water->nausea • no learning
Learned Helplessness • Group 1: escape training then escape training- learned to escape • Group 2: inescapable situation then inescapable situation: no escape • Group 3: inescapable situation, then escapable situation: no escape attempts
Preparedness • Bob Bolles: Species Specific Defense Reactions • animals biologically prepared to defend selves • how expressed depends on the animal! • Sarah Shuttleworth: Preparedness in hamsters • animals have certain biological “design” • some behaviors for food, some for defense